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the atmospheric conditions, along with short-term changes, of a certain place at a certain time.
Weather
occurs when cloud droplets combine and become large enough to fall back to Earth’s surface.
precipitation
electricity discharged within a cloud, between clouds, or between a cloud and the ground.
lightning
an area of low rainfall on the downwind slope of a mountain.
rain shadow
the transfer of thermal energy by the movement of particles from one part of a material to another.
convection
the force that a column of air applies on the air or a surface below it.
Air pressure
a large body of circulating air with high pressure at its center and lower pressure outside of the system
high-pressure system
a violent, whirling column of air in contact with the ground.
tornado
the amount of thermal energy it takes to increase the temperature of 1 kg of a material by 1ºC.
specific heat
describes whether circulating air motions will be strong or weak.
stability
the amount of water vapor in the air.
Humidity
a large body of circulating air with low pressure at its center and higher pressure outside of the system
low-pressure system
an intense tropical storm with winds exceeding 119 km/h.
Hurricane
a localized climate that is different from the climate of the larger area surrounding it
microclimate
describes whether circulating air motions will be strong or weak.
stability
The amount of water vapor present in the air compared to the maximum amount of water vapor the air could contain at that temperature.
relative humidity
a large area of air that has uniform temperature, humidity, and pressure.
air mass
a period of below-average precipitation
drought
the transfer of thermal energy from one material to another by electromagnetic waves.
radiation
occurs in the troposphere when temperature increases as altitude increases
temperature inversion
the temperature at which air is saturated and condensation can occur.
dew point
a boundary between two air masses.
front
the long-term average weather conditions that occur in a particular region.
Climate
the transfer of thermal energy by collisions between particles of matter.
conduction