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This English missionary evangelized pagan Germanic tribes in the early medieval period. He reformed the Frankish church, established monasteries, and converted many Germans. He spread Christianity in Germany, and was eventually martyred for his mission.
Members of this order wore simple brown robes tied with a rope at the waist, following the example of their founder.
Franciscan Monks
This 13th-century Dominican friar authored the Summa Theologiae, systematically organizing Christian doctrine.
Thomas Aquinas
This monastic order, founded near Cistercium in France, emphasized strict adherence to simplicity and avoided any appearance of wealth.
Cistercian Monks
This 12th-century Cistercian monk founded the abbey of Clairvaux and became the most influential spiritual leader of his age.
Bernard of Clairvaux
Their members wore black robes and often faced family opposition for choosing the life of a traveling preacher instead of traditional noble roles.
Dominican Monks
He was a 12th-century merchant who gave away his wealth. He commissioned a translation of the Bible into the local language (French). After reading the bible he rejected papal authority. His followers preached without clerical authorization. Church authorities condemned and excommunicated him.
Peter Waldo
Kidnapped and imprisoned by his own family for over a year, this future theologian joined the Dominican order against their wishes.
Thomas Aquinas
These missionaries to the Slavs, created the Slavic alphabet to translate Scripture and liturgy, showing how divine purpose often unfolds through human creativity.
Cyril and Methodius
Question: The reforms at this monastery inspired the creation of the Cistercian order in 1098 due to concerns about laxity and wealth.
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