Great Schism
This was the language spoken by the Eastern Roman Empire
Greek
This city, the birthplace of Muhammed, is the holiest place in Islam.
Mecca
This city was the target of the first crusades (and technically every crusade after it)
Jerusalem
This is the Arabic word for pilgrimage, and is one of the five pillars of Islam
Hajj
Why must every Muslim travel to Mecca at some point in their life?
The Hajj
This was the language spoken by the Western Roman Empire, and would become a term for the people who lived there.
Latin
This term refers to the belief in a single God.
Monotheistic
This council was where the pope declared total atonement for sins if go on crusades.
Council of Clermont
This Battle resulted in the Byzantine Emperor being kidnapped by a Muslim army
Manzikert
This group of knights were famously fanatic, and tasked with defending the Temple mount in Jerusalem
The Knights Templar
This fanatical movement hated icons and smashed them whenever possible.
The Iconoclasts
This is the english translation of the Arabic word Islam
To Submit
In 1204, instead of reaching the Holy Land, the Fourth Crusade resulted in the sacking of this Christian city, the capital of the Byzantine Empire.
Constantinople
This battle was a major defeat for the Crusades, and would result in the fall of Jerusalem to the Muslims.
The Horns of Hattin
This group of knights will become St John's Ambulance
Knights Hospitaller
This term refers to the controversy over one word difference "from the Father TO the Son" vs. "AND the Son"
Filioque
These two empires were weakened after years of constant warfare, making the expansion of Islam much easier.
Byzantium and Persia
This Crusade was the most successful for the Crusaders.
The First Crusade
This 12th-century Muslim leader famously recaptured Jerusalem from the Crusaders in 1187, leading to the Third Crusade.
Saladin
Who convinced the fourth crusaders to go to Constantinople?
The merchants of Venice
These five cities had a patriarch.
Rome, Constantinople, Jeruslaem, Alexandria, Antioch
What was Islam's perspective on Jesus
A prophet of God, but not God himself
This pope declared the first Crusade
Pope Urban II
This is the name the Latin Crusaders gave to their new kingdom in Constantinople
Frankokratia
The crusaders miraculously "found" this holy item in the city of Antioch, helping them defeat the surrounding Muslim army
The Holy Lance of Jesus