Popes
The First South American and Jesuit Pope named Jorge Mario Borgogleo, elected in 2013.
Who is Pope Francis?
The first truly world-wide council was held in Rome between 1962-1965 under Pope John XXIII and Pope Paul VI.
What was the Second Vatican Council?
The Great Protest against the Church started by Martin Luther’s 95 theses.
What was the Protest Reformation?
To be holy.
What does it mean to be ‘Sacred’?
An encyclical that was written by Pope Leo XIII and was the first great Catholic social justice encyclical.
What was Rerum Novaum (“Of New Things”)?
The non-Italian Pope from Poland named Karol Wojryla, elected in 1978 who is known for starting World Youth Day and visiting the Western Wall In Jerusalem.
Who is Pope John Paul II?
The council that met from 1545-1563 that focused on confronting the needs for reform within the Church and disproving Protestant beliefs.
What was the Council of Trent?
A form of the Bubonic Plague that swept over Europe during the late MIddle Ages, taking many lives and weakening the Christian faith.
What was the Black Death?
A life dedicated to prayer, work, study, and the needs of society.
What is ‘Monastic Life’?
An encyclical that was written by Pope Pius XI that celebrated the Fourth Anniversary of Pope Leo XIII’s great social justice encyclical.
What was Quadragesimo Anno (“After Forty Years”)?
The pope elected in 1903 after Pope Leo XIII, who made important contributions to aspects of Church teachings such as allowing children to recieve the Eucharist and reviving the Gregorian chant.
Who is Pope Pius X?
The first great council of the Catholic Church held in 49 AD that accepted the position that some aspects of the law of Moses/other Laws would be excused for Gentiles.
What was the Council of Jerusalem?
A split in the Catholic Church between 1378-1417 where competing groups of cardinals from Avignon, France, and Rome, Italy elected two new pope who claimed to be the real pope.
What was the Great Schism of the West?
The idea that religious faith has no place in society, science, and government.
What is the idea of ‘Secularization’?
An encyclical that was written by Pope John Paul III emphasizing the sacredness of human life from conception to natural death.
What was Evangelium Vitae (“Gospel of Life”)?
The pope of the Early Middle Ages, that made diplomatic relations with foreign leaders and made many reforms to the Church such as Canon Law and the Gregorian Sacramentary.
Who is Pope Gregory the Great?
The council held in 1884, Baltimore, that gave American Catholics the Baltimore Catechism, a question/answer test about the Catholic faith.
What was the Third Plenary Council?
A period of time called by Pope Urban II to take back the cross from Jerusalem and its surrounding land under Muslim rule.
What were the Crusades?
The illicit practice by scholar leaders to invest, or empower, a leader of the Church with authority.
What is ‘lay investiture’?
An encyclical written by Pope John XXIII emphasizing the need to establish universal peace in truth, justice, charity, and liberty.
What was Pacem in Terris (“Peace on Earth”)?
The pope of the High Middle Ages (Christendom) who held the Fourth Lateran Council in Romen which ruled that Catholics needed to recieve communion at least one a year and created the term “transubstantiation”.
Who is Pope Innocent III?
The council helped in 431 AD that ruled that Mary is “Mother of God”.
What was the Council at Ephesus?
The period of Church history where thousands of French citizens and nobles were killed for simplifying the king's death or having their loyalty to the French Republic questioned in an effort to erase Christianity.
What was the Reign of Terror?
A prayer from the Book of Deuteronomy reminding the Jewish people to love God with all their heart, soul, and strength.
What is the ‘Shema’?
An encyclical written by Pope John Paul II that celebrated the 20th anniversary of Pope Paul VI’s Populorum Progressio.
What was Sollicitudo Rei Socialis (“On Social Concern”)?