Forces
What type of energy is stored due to an object’s height?
What is gravitational potential energy?
In a simple circuit, electrical energy often transforms into which type of energy in a lightbulb?
Light (radiant) and thermal energy.
In a transverse wave, particles move __________ to the direction of the wave.
Perpendicular.
What causes seasons?
The tilt of Earth as it revolves around the Sun.
What causes ocean tides?
The gravitational pull of the Moon (and Sun).
What type of potential energy is stored when a rubber band is stretched back?
What is elastic potential energy?
When a wolf eats a rabbit, what energy transformation takes place?
Chemical energy → kinetic/thermal energy.
In a longitudinal wave, particles move __________ to the direction of the wave.
Parallel.
When the Northern Hemisphere is tilted toward the Sun, what season is it there?
Summer.
When the Sun, Moon, and Earth form a straight line, what kind of tide occurs?
Spring tide.
Kinetic energy depends on two variables. Name both.
What are mass and speed?
Explain the Law of Conservation of Energy.
Energy cannot be created or destroyed; only transferred or transformed.
Sound waves are an example of what type of wave?
Longitudinal.
Why do we receive less direct sunlight in winter?
Our hemisphere is tilted away from the Sun.
When the Sun and Moon pull at right angles, what kind of tide forms?
Neap tide.
Compare chemical potential energy and kinetic energy.
Chemical PE is stored in bonds; kinetic energy is motion.
On a roller coaster, why is the first hill always the tallest?
It gives the cart maximum gravitational PE that transforms into KE.
What part of a transverse wave is the highest point?
The crest.
Describe one model you could build to show Earth’s tilt.
Tilting a foam ball on a stick around a lamp to represent direct vs indirect light.
How many high tides does most of Earth experience a day?
Two.
A bow being pulled back stores elastic PE. Describe what happens to that energy as the arrow is released.
Elastic PE → kinetic energy (transfer and transformation).
In photosynthesis, what transformation happens to sunlight?
Radiant energy → chemical potential energy in glucose.
Explain how energy moves through a slinky when you push the coils together and release.
Energy travels as a longitudinal compression wave although the coils themselves don't travel.
If a location receives equal day and night, what astronomical event is occurring?
An equinox.
Explain why daily tides change slightly in time from one day to the next.
Because the Moon moves in its orbit, the tidal bulge follows later each day.