Static Charge
What type of material can create static electricity?
Insulators
Explain the interaction between like charges and opposite charges.
like charges repel one another, opposite charges attract one another.
What is the definition of voltage?
The amount of electric potential energy per one coloumb of charge (amount of potential energy in the dump trucks).
What is resistance?
The property of any material to slow down the flow of electrons. This converts electric energy into other forms of energy.
What is a conductor?
A material that allows electrons to move around easily.
What is electric force?
A push or pull between charged objects.
Why does a voltmeter need to be placed around a resistor or a battery?
So it can measure the potential difference before and after the resistor or battery.
What is the resistance of a resistor with the following bands:
- Green
- Blue
- Red
56 x 102 Ohms (or 5600 ohms)
It stays the same.
A buildup of electric charges that can be collected and held in one place.
What is the difference between charging by conduction vs. by induction?
- Charging by induction: charging a neutral object by bringing it close to a charged object, but not touching it.
According to Ohm's law, if you increase the current in a circuit, what happens to voltage?
Voltage increases too.
What is the definition of power?
The rate of change in energy. (the rate of change at which energy is transformed or work is done).
What happens to the current as it enters an intersection in a parallel circuit?
It splits up and goes to each pathway.
Friction occurs when two objects are rubbed against each other. This friction can result in one object losing electrons, and the other object gaining electrons. This creates static charge.
Why does an ammeter need to be placed "inside" the circuit?
Because it measures electric current, so it needs to be in a position where the current can pass through it.
What is an electrochemical cell?
A system of chemicals that converts chemical energy into electrical energy that is stored in separate charges. Often called batteries.
A new iPhone 17 is charging using a fast charger. The charger provides a voltage of 9.0 V and the phone draws a current of 2.2 A while charging.
Calculate the electric power being given to the phone.
P = I x V
P = 2.2 x 9.0
P = 19.8 W
How do you calculate the total resistance in a series circuit?
You add up each individual resistance.
You have two acetate rods that have been rubbed against a piece of wool fabric. When you bring the acetate rods close together, what will happen and why?
They will repel one another (move away from each other), because they have both developed the same charge. Like charges repel one another.
Why do electrons (negative charges) flow in a circuit, but not protons (positive charges)?
- Electrons are lightweight, loosely bound particles located outside the nucleus, making them easy to move.
- Protons much heavier (nearly 2,000 times heavier) and are tightly locked within the atomic nucleus, so they are difficult to move.
Why do electrons flow out of batteries when connected to a circuit?
They are repelled by the negative charges in the negative terminal of the battery, and attracted to the positive terminal. When they are given a path from negative to positive, they will move in that direction.
What is a power surge?
a sudden, brief increase in voltage that travels through electrical wiring, far exceeding the standard voltage.
Series circuit. In a series circuit, all components are connected in a single path. If one lightbulb burns out, the circuit is broken, so no current can flow and all the lights turn off. In contrast, in a parallel circuit, one bulb burning out would not affect the others because they are on separate paths.