LT 1 Heart Anatomy
LT 1 Heart
LT 3 Vessels
LT 4 Pressure and Pulse
LT 5 Heart problems
LT 2 Intrinsic Conduction
Stop The Bleed
100
There are three walls of the heart; please list them in order from inner most layer to outer most layer.
Endocardium --> Myocardium --> Epicardium
100
The only veins that carry oxygenated blood are the __________________
Pulmonary veins
100
Blood travels in _________ to return to the heart, and _______ to travel away from the heart
veins, arteries
100
The pressure of the expanding and recoiling blood vessels felt at superficial arteries like in the neck, is known as _______ .
Pulse
100
A valve replacement might be a treatment for what valve condition?
Valvular stenosis (hardening)
100
Another name for the SA node is the ________.
Pacemaker
100
What is the first thing you should do when encountering an emergency situation?
Ensure your own safety (followed very quickly by calling 911)
200
____________ is the double-layered membranous sac that encloses the heart.
Pericardium
200
Before the blood enters the aorta, in which chamber of the heart is it found?____________________________
Left ventricle
200
How many layers or tunics are arteries and veins composed of?
3
200
_____________ is the contraction of the ventricles and _____________ is the relaxation of the ventricles.
Systole (systolic) and diastole (diastolic)
200
Audible sounds of blood traveling through the heart, heard in a stethoscope, due to valve problems are known as _____________ .
heart murmurs
200
From the SA node the signal travels to the ___________ at the junction of the atria and ventricles
AV node
200
When should you remove the tourniquet?
NEVER! Emergency services should do that
300
What is the purpose of the pericardium?
To reduce friction from beating heart
300
This chamber in the heart receives deoxygenated blood from both the superior and inferior parts of the body ______________________________________
Right atrium
300
Which artery is used to measure blood pressure using a sphygmomanometer?
Brachial
300
Angina pectoris is chest pain caused by a lack of _______ to the heart muscle.
oxygen
300
The signal travels down the septum of the heart and up the myocardium of the ventricle walls through fibers known as ____________ fibers.
Purkinje
300
Where should a tourniquet be placed?
NOT over a joint and just ABOVE the injury. Only on arms and legs
400
What is the purpose of the valves?
To ensure that blood flows in one direction
400
Name the two blood vessels that empties the blood into the right atrium____________________, and _________________.
Superior and inferior vena cava
400
The blood pressure in veins is ________ and the pressure within arteries is ______ .
Low, High
400
Name a factor that can influence your blood pressure.
Kidneys, Autonomic nervous system, temperature, chemicals, diet, posture, exercise, blood volume
400
What problem results if the coronary circulation is interrupted?_______________________________
Heart attack
400
The rapid uncoordinated shuddering or quivering of the heart muscle is known as __________________.
Fibrillation
400
What is the first step to get the bleeding to stop?
Compression
500
Beginning with the right atrium, list the order of the flow of blood through the heart to the lungs and back to the body.
The right atrium-tricuspid valve- right ventricle -pulmonary semilunar valve - pulmonary arteries-lungs-pulmonary veins-left atrium-bicuspid valve- left ventricle-aortic semilunar valve- aorta to the body.
500
Where do the heart sounds come from?
The closing of the valves
500
The smallest blood vessels where gas and nutrient exchange occurs are known as _______ .
Capillaries
500
What is hypertension?
High blood pressure
500
Atherosclerosis is the narrowing of the arteries because of ______ build up.
plaque
500
Compare the normal EKG in the image to the one below it. What imbalance of the intrinsic conduction system is shown?
Tachycardia
600
The __________________on the surface of the heart supply the heart with blood.
Coronary arteries
600
What side of the heart has oxygenated blood?
Left
600
Structural defects in veins due to incompetent valves are known as _________.
varicose veins
600
What is a cause or risk factor of high blood pressure?
Physical inactivity, diet, alcohol, kidney function, health conditions
600
If changes to diet does not work to reduce the blockages in arteries a ___________ may be done by opening the vessel using an inflated balloon inside the vessel.
angioplasty
600
A slower than normal heart rate is known as _________.
Bradycardia
700
If an angioplasty is not possible a ________ surgery may be done where veins are harvested from other locations in the body and used to reroute the blood supply pass the blockage.
Bypass