CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
This organ pumps blood around the body.
What is the heart?
The blood cells that carry most oxygen.
What are red blood cells?
Two substances muscles need more of during exercise.
What are oxygen and glucose?
The process that releases energy from food in cells.
What is respiration?
These vessels carry blood away from the heart.
What are arteries?
A student exercises vigorously. Explain why oxygen, glucose, heart rate, blood flow, and carbon dioxide are all connected during exercise.
Muscles need more energy during exercise. More oxygen and glucose are delivered by the blood for respiration. Heart rate and blood flow increase to transport these substances faster. Carbon dioxide and lactic acid are produced and must be removed from the muscles by the blood.
The heart is part of this body system.
What is the circulatory system?
This liquid part of blood transports urea and other dissolved substances.
What is plasma?
This waste product causes muscles to ache after vigorous exercise.
What is lactic acid?
This gas is brought to cells by the blood for respiration.
What is oxygen?
These vessels allow substances to enter and leave the blood.
What are capillaries?
The main type of tissue found in the heart wall.
What is muscle tissue (cardiac muscle)?
Name one substance transported in blood plasma.
What is glucose, carbon dioxide, hormones, urea, amino acids, or mineral ions?
A fit person recovers faster because their heart rate returns to normal more quickly after this activity.
What is exercise?
This gas is produced by cells and carried away by the blood.
What is carbon dioxide?
These vessels return blood to the heart.
What are veins?
A stent is placed in this type of blood vessel.
What is an artery?
Red blood cells differ from most body cells because they lack this structure.
What is a nucleus?
Besides increasing stroke volume, the heart can increase blood flow by increasing this.
What is heart rate?
The process that produces lactic acid when muscles do not receive enough oxygen.
What is anaerobic respiration?
The blood vessels that connect arteries and veins.
What are capillaries?
A stent helps prevent a heart attack by doing this.
What is keeping an artery open and maintaining blood flow to the heart muscle?
Training at high altitude increases these cells, helping athletes carry more oxygen.
What are red blood cells?
Why does heart rate increase during exercise?
To deliver more oxygen and glucose to muscles and remove more carbon dioxide and lactic acid.
More lactic acid is produced when running at 14 km/h than at 8 km/h because—
The muscles need more energy than oxygen can supply, so more anaerobic respiration occurs.
Give one structural difference between arteries and veins.
Arteries have thicker muscular walls / smaller lumen; Veins have thinner walls / larger lumen / valves.