What structure prevents the backflow of blood in veins?
Valves
What is responsible for the "Lub-Dub" sound produced by the heart?
The heart valves slamming shut
This chamber has the most muscular wall in the heart
The Left Ventricle
This iron-containing metalloprotein in red blood cells carries O2 and CO2
Hemoglobin
This circuit carries oxygenated blood and leaves through the left side of the heart.
Systemic Circuit
Name the nodes in the heart that are responsible for conducting impulses causing the atrium and ventricles to contract.
Sinoatrial Node and Atrioventricular Node
What are the two opposing pressures that act upon each other in capillaries?
Blood Pressure
Osmotic Pressure
Blood returns to the heart through these veins.
Superior/Inferior Vena Cava
Pulmonary Veins
Name the 4 blood types. Indicate the universal donor.
A, B, AB, O
Type O, (Rh-)
This circuit carries deoxygenated blood and leaves through the right side of the heart.
Pulmonary Circuit
These nerves conduct the impulse through the muscles of the ventricle that allow them to contract.
Purkinje Fibres
What are the physiological factors that cause O2 to be released from hemoglobin?
Change in pH and Temperature
Name the valve in between the Right Atrium and the Right Ventricle, as well as the valve between the Left Atrium and the Left Ventricle
Right: Tricuspid Valve
Left: Mitral Valve (Bicuspid)
This component of blood carries nutrients like glucose and amino acids to the tissues and wastes away from tissues.
Blood Plasma
What are the three main functions of the Lymphatic System?
Return excess tissue fluid (Blood Plasma)
Absorb Fats (Triglycerides and Fatty Acids)
Clear infectious material (in lymph nodes)
Name the 5 types of blood vessels
Artery
Arteriole
Capillary
Venule
Vein
Increase or Decrease blood flow into capillary beds
These blood vessels supply the heart
Coronary Arteries
Name the 3 classes of blood cells. Hint: they all end in "-cyte"
Erythrocytes
Leukocytes
Thrombocytes
In fetal circulation, these two structures allow oxygenated blood to bypass the pulmonary circuit.
Oval Opening / Foramen Ovale
Arterial duct / Ductus Arteriosus
Describe the anatomical structure of the Arterial, Capillary and Venous Walls.
Arteries - Thick walls of smooth muscle and connective tissue to withstand high pressure.
Capillaries - One cell thick for easy diffusion.
Veins - Thin walls containing valves to prevent backflow.
What are the effects on the circulatory system for a person that is anemic (low in Iron)
Less iron available to bind and transport oxygen
Name the two Valves that prevent backflow of blood into the ventricles
Semilunar Valves (Aortic & Pulmonary)
Red Blood Cells cannot divide because...
They have no nucleus
Starting with the Vena Cava, detail the flow of blood through the heart listing the chambers, valves, arteries and veins, ending with the Aorta
Vena Cava
Right Atrium, Tricuspid or Right AV Valve, Right Ventricle, Semilunar Valve, Pulmonary Arteries.
Pulmonary Veins, Left Atrium, Mitral, Bicuspid or Left AV Valve, Left Ventricle, Semilunar Valve.
Aorta