Anatomy
Physiology
The Heart
Blood
Circuits
100

What structure prevents the backflow of blood in veins?

Valves

100

What is responsible for the "Lub-Dub" sound produced by the heart?

The heart valves slamming shut

100

This chamber has the most muscular wall in the heart

The Left Ventricle

100

This iron-containing metalloprotein in red blood cells carries O2 and CO2

Hemoglobin

100

This circuit carries oxygenated blood and leaves through the left side of the heart.

Systemic Circuit

200

Name the nodes in the heart that are responsible for conducting impulses causing the atrium and ventricles to contract.

Sinoatrial Node and Atrioventricular Node

200

What are the two opposing pressures that act upon each other in capillaries?

Blood Pressure

Osmotic Pressure

200

Blood returns to the heart through these veins.

Superior/Inferior Vena Cava

Pulmonary Veins

200

Name the 4 blood types. Indicate the universal donor.

A, B, AB, O

Type O, (Rh-)

200

This circuit carries deoxygenated blood and leaves through the right side of the heart.

Pulmonary Circuit

300

These nerves conduct the impulse through the muscles of the ventricle that allow them to contract.

Purkinje Fibres

300

What are the physiological factors that cause O2 to be released from hemoglobin?

Change in pH and Temperature

300

Name the valve in between the Right Atrium and the Right Ventricle, as well as the valve between the Left Atrium and the Left Ventricle 

Right: Tricuspid Valve

Left: Mitral Valve (Bicuspid)

300

This component of blood carries nutrients like glucose and amino acids to the tissues and wastes away from tissues.

Blood Plasma

300

What are the three main functions of the Lymphatic System?

Return excess tissue fluid (Blood Plasma)

Absorb Fats (Triglycerides and Fatty Acids)

Clear infectious material (in lymph nodes)

400

Name the 5 types of blood vessels

Artery

Arteriole

Capillary

Venule

Vein

400
Arteriole Sphincters perform what function?

Increase or Decrease blood flow into capillary beds

400

These blood vessels supply the heart

Coronary Arteries

400

Name the 3 classes of blood cells. Hint: they all end in "-cyte"

Erythrocytes

Leukocytes

Thrombocytes


400

In fetal circulation, these two structures allow oxygenated blood to bypass the pulmonary circuit.

Oval Opening / Foramen Ovale

Arterial duct / Ductus Arteriosus

500

Describe the anatomical structure of the Arterial, Capillary and Venous Walls.

Arteries - Thick walls of smooth muscle and connective tissue to withstand high pressure.

Capillaries - One cell thick for easy diffusion.

Veins - Thin walls containing valves to prevent backflow.

500

What are the effects on the circulatory system for a person that is anemic (low in Iron)

Less iron available to bind and transport oxygen

500

Name the two Valves that prevent backflow of blood into the ventricles

Semilunar Valves (Aortic & Pulmonary)

500

Red Blood Cells cannot divide because...

They have no nucleus

500

Starting with the Vena Cava, detail the flow of blood through the heart listing the chambers, valves, arteries and veins, ending with the Aorta

Vena Cava

Right Atrium, Tricuspid or Right AV Valve, Right Ventricle, Semilunar Valve, Pulmonary Arteries.

Pulmonary Veins, Left Atrium, Mitral, Bicuspid or Left AV Valve, Left Ventricle, Semilunar Valve.

Aorta

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