OS Fundamentals
Input, processing, output
What are the three basic tasks all computers perform.
the first Windows OS that required activation after installation.
What is Windows 95?
the technique below that allows a RISC CPU to operate on an instruction while fetching additional instructions.
What is pipelining?
a set of data that is grouped in some logical manner, assigned a name, and stored on the disk.
What is a file?
responsible for managing metadata information and protection.
What is the logical file system?
Schedules processes to run, making sure high-priority processes are taken care of first; manages memory to ensure that two applications don't attempt to use the same memory space; and makes sure I/O devices are accessed by only one process at a time
What are tasks the kernel does.
the first Windows version to include Active Directory?
What is Windows 2000
The description of a CPU's internal circuitry
What is microarchitecture?
In Linux, the reserved area where data is stored when you create a partition,
What is the Disk Label?
Device drivers, interrupt handlers perform this function
What is I/O level control
This system performs memory and hardware component tests on startup, during a process called the power-on self-test (POST).
What is the BIOS
Red Hat, Debian, Ubuntu, Mint, DSL
What are Linux distributions/flavors?
component of the CPU is responsible for executing arithmetic and logic instructions
What is the ALU?
the ability to keep a log file of file system activity
What is journaling?
Contains a copy of the file control block of each open file
What is the system-wide open file table?
an identifier for a file that contains all the information the file system needs to locate and access the file
What is a file handle
new feature of Windows Server 2012 provides a user interface that has no taskbar or Start screen
What is Server Core?
a register on a CPU that contains the address of the next instruction the CPU will execute
What is the program counter?
similar to a shortcut, has a flag set in its inode that causes a file to link with another target file
What is a symbolic link?
The boot control block in NFTS
What is the partition boot sector?
a series of steps performed by every computing device that starts with the application of power to the CPU and other hardware components and ends with a running system ready to perform work.
What is the boot procedure?
Mac OS's peer-to-peer networking protocol
What is AppleTalk
specialized piece of hardware predicts what data will be needed, and makes it available before it is needed
What is the cache controller?
ile system is used on macOS 10.12 Sierra and earlier versions
What is Mac OS Extended?
Type of allocation that supports both sequential and direct access
What is contiguous allocation?