The Ideals of the Constitution
Which early document influenced the concept of giving up some individual powers to the government that appears in the Constitution?
The Magna Carta
Why is the separation of powers important? What was its main goal?
Separation of powers prevents concentration of power in one person or group by assigning different functions to different branches; goal: to protect liberty and prevent tyranny.
What are the two general ways the Constitution can be changed?
By formal amendment or by the informal process of interpretation and practice (customs, judicial interpretation, legislation).
According to the Declaration of Independence, where does the government get its power from?
The government gets its power from the consent of the governed (the people).
What are the three branches of government, and who or what leads each branch?
Legislative — Congress, Executive — President, Judicial — Supreme Court
Define: Amendment.
Amendment = a formal change or addition to the Constitution.
Define: Popular Sovereignty.
The principle that political power rests with the people, who may create, alter, or abolish government.
Which Article of the Constitution establishes the Legislative Branch, and what is the main job of the Legislative Branch?
Article I; the Legislative Branch makes laws, declares war, controls taxing & spending, and oversees/regulates interstate and foreign commerce.
Which Article of the Constitution outlines the amendment process?
Article V outlines the amendment process.
What are the three principles/goals of the Constitution? (Name three.)
Limited Gov, Majority Rule with Minority Rights, and Powers of the People
Which Article of the Constitution establishes the Executive Branch, and what is the main job of the Executive Branch?
Article II; the Executive Branch enforces laws, conducts foreign policy, commands the armed forces, and administers the federal government.
How many amendments have been made to the Constitution?
27 amendments have been ratified to date.
Define Federalism and explain why federalism is important.
A system that divides power between national (federal) and state governments. Importance: it balances power, prevents centralization, allows local control, and lets states address local needs while maintaining national unity.
Which Article of the Constitution establishes the Judicial Branch, and what is the main job of the Judicial Branch?
Article III; the Judicial Branch interprets laws, reviews lower-court decisions, and determines constitutionality.
Describe the two methods by which amendments can be proposed.
(1) by a two-thirds vote in both houses of Congress; or (2) by a national convention called by Congress at the request of two-thirds of state legislatures.