Political Philosophers
He believed that the government’s primary purpose is to protect natural rights and that people should rebel if the government fails to do its job
Who is John Locke
This 1765 Act angered colonists by placing a tax on all printed materials
What is the Stamp Act
The Preamble of the Constitution lists this as one of its main purposes, alongside establishing justice and providing for the common defense
What is to form a "more perfect union"
This amendment protects the "five freedoms": speech, religion, assembly, petition, and the press
What is the First Amendment
To obtain permission to search a suspect’s home, a police officer must have probable cause or one of these
What is a warrant
This philosopher argued that the only way for men to be truly free is through a direct democracy where they participate in making laws
Who is Jean-Jacques Rousseau
The Boston Tea Party was a direct colonial reaction to this specific set of British Acts
What are the Townshend Acts
This constitutional principle divides government power into three branches so that too much power does not fall into the hands of a single group
What is the Separation of Powers
Ratified in 1920, this amendment finally gave women the right to vote
What is the 19th Amendment
This is the primary power of the Judicial branch, allowing it to declare laws unconstitutional
What is Judicial Review
He held a darker view of humanity, believing that people were naturally "wicked" and required a strong government to control them
Who is Thomas Hobbes
Though Paul Revere’s engraving of this event showed colonists peacefully protesting, they were actually throwing rocks and ice at British soldiers
What is the Boston Massacre
These are powers, such as the power to tax, that are shared between both the federal and state governments
What are concurrent powers
The 22nd Amendment limits the President of the United States to serving this many four-year terms
What is two
To determine a state's number of Electoral College electors, you must add these two numbers togethe
What are the number of Representatives and the number of Senators
To prevent any one group from having too much power, this philosopher proposed that government be divided into separate parts that check and balance each other
Who is Montesquieu
These punitive acts, which included the Molasses Act, were designed specifically to punish the people of Massachusetts
What are the Intolerable Acts
This specific clause in the Constitution states that federal law is the highest law of the land
What is the Supremacy Clause
This is the only amendment in the history of the United States to ever be repealed
What is the Prohibition of alcohol? (The 18th Amendment)
This is the specific constitutional clause that allows Congress to pass laws necessary for executing its duties, even if those powers aren't explicitly listed
What is the Necessary and Proper Clause
This philosopher’s ideas regarding the "social contract" and natural rights were the primary source Thomas Jefferson borrowed from when writing the Declaration of Independence
Who is John Locke
In its introductory paragraph, this document states its purpose is to provide the reasons why the colonies are separating from Great Britain
What is the Declaration of Independence
During the Constitutional Convention, this was the specific issue that pitted large states (who wanted proportional representation) against small states (who wanted equal representation)
What is the issue of representation
This amendment lowered the voting age to 18 because citizens of that age were being drafted to fight in the Vietnam War
What is the 26th Amendment
In the impeachment process, the House brings the charges and the Judicial branch presides over the trial, but this body is responsible for actually trying the President
What is the Senate