1.2 Principles Underlying America's Founding Ideas
The documents (2) that the ideas that influenced the Founding Fathers are reflected in. Also known as America's Founding Documents.
What is the Declaration of Independence and the U.S. Constitution?
The document that established the principle of self-government in the colonies. This indicated that a government’s laws are based on the consent of the governed.
What is the Mayflower Compact?
The idea that is based on applying human reason and scientific thinking, instead of following tradition, to understand and improve society and government.
What is the Enlightenment Ideas?
The French and Indian war left Britain in debt (money owed). After the war, the actions by the government known as __________ placed new taxes on the American colonists.
What is British Policies?
The document that announced American independence and explained this decision to the rest of the world.
What is the Declaration of Independence?
The principle that our founding fathers used which states that each of us has indivdual worth and we are all equal as human beings. All citizens are equal in the eyes of the law, entitled to the same rights.
What is Equality of Mankind?
The first document that promised that no freeman would be imprisoned or lose his property or be otherwise punished except after a trial by jury based on the law of the land.
What is the Magna Carta?
The enlightenment thinker that believed that people enjoyed certain individual rights under natural law. These “natural rights” include the right to life, liberty, and property. They are rights that each of us is born with. No government has the right to take away these natural rights.
What is John Locke?
The tax on every official document.
What is Stamp Act?
This part of the document explained that all people had certain “unalienable rights.” People were endowed by their Creator (given by God) with these natural rights, to which everyone was entitled. Among these rights were the right to “life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness” (the ability to conduct our lives without being controlled by the government). The role of government: Governments were “instituted” (formed) to protect those rights.
What is the Preamble?
The principle that our founding fathers used which states that each of us has the right to practice our own religion freely.
What is Protection of Religious Liberty?
The document that poked fun at rule by hereditary kings and queens. This pamphlet recommended that the colonists declare their independence and establish a representative self-government.
What is Thomas Paine's Common Sense?
The enlightenment idea in which people join an agreement with the government to protect themselves and their individual rights. In return, citizens agree to obey the laws.
What is Social Contract?
The colonists argued that because they did not have representatives in the British Parliament, they had not agreed to British taxes. What slogan did they create to represent their anger towards the British government?
What is "No Taxation Without Representation?"
The enlightenment thinker whose ideas were used by Thomas Jefferson when he wrote the Declaration of Independence.
What is John Locke?
The principle that our founding fathers used which states that the government cannot take away our life, liberty or property without a fair process, such as a trial by impartial jurors.
What is Due Process of Law?
The document that promised to protect many individual rights/liberties. It promised that there would be no taxation without representation (no taxes would be collected without the approval of the people’s representatives in Parliament), that citizens could petition (make requests to) the government, and that no excessive punishments would be imposed. It guaranteed individuals the right to life, liberty and property (these could not be taken away except as punishment for a crime), and to a speedy and fair jury trial (a trial by a group of fellow citizens).
What is the English Bill of Rights?
The enlightenment thinker who believed that the powers of government should be separated among three branches.
What is Montesquieu?
Placed duties (taxes) on various imports, like paper and glass. British troops were sent to control the colonists.
What is the Townshend Act?
The Declaration claimed that Britain’s government had become tyrannical (one that oppresses the people).The Declaration included a list of colonial grievances (complaints) to prove it.
What do you think was meant by the following grievance:
"suspending trial by jury"
What is having judges decide cases instead of juries?
The 6 ideas (principles) that influenced the Founding Fathers who established the American constitutional republic, at the Founding (the period when our nation was established).
What is:
1. Rule of Law
2. Natural Rights
3. Limited Government
4. Due Process of Law
5. Equality of Mankind
6. Protection of Religious Liberty?
The document that said that the King could not impose new taxes without the consent of his subjects. This represented the principle of limited monarchy (government).
What is the Magna Carta?
The enlightenment idea of dividing up legislative, executive, and judicial powers to stop the government from becoming a tyrant.
What is Separation of Powers?
These acts punished Boston for destroying the chests of tea in the Boston Tea Party. These acts closed Boston Harbor and suspended the Massachusetts legislature until the tea was paid for. They gave the British government the power to move trials to different colonies or even to Great Britain. The Intolerable Acts thus suspended the right to a trial by jury and limited judicial powers.
What is the Intolerable or Coercive Acts?
The Declaration claimed that Britain’s government had become tyrannical (one that oppresses the people).The Declaration included a list of colonial grievances (complaints) to prove it.
What do you think was meant by the following grievance:
"limiting judicial powers."
What is sending some cases to be decided in Britain?