Civil Liberties
What are civil liberties?
Protections of the people's rights against the government.
Which amendment covers free speech, religion, assembly, press, and petition?
1st Amendment
What are civil rights?
Protections given that protect the people from discrimination based on unchangeable factors.
Which supreme court case argued that separating the races made them inherently unequal, and thus could not be done?
Brown vs. Board of Education (1954)
What experiences led the Anti-Federalists to fight for a Bill of Rights?
Their treatment under the British prior to the American Revolution
Actions such as burning a state flag or wearing a t-shirt with a political opinion on it are examples of what?
Symbolic speech
What does the free exercise clause allow?
It allows people to hold any religious belief they choose.
Why were 18 year olds given the right to vote in the 1970s?
Because they were considered old enough to fight and die for their country and so they should have the right to influence policy as well.
Which case stated police must tell you your due process rights when they arrest you?
Miranda v. Arizona (1966)
What was the main decision made in the case of D.C. v Heller (2008)?
That the 2nd amendment allowed citizens to bear arms for their personal self-defense, not just as part of a militia.
What rights does the 9th amendment protect?
Those rights not listed in the Constitution
Which amendment grants certain powers to the states as opposed to the federal government?
10th amendment
What three amendments were passed after the Civil War to protect the rights of those who had previously been enslaved?
13th amendment-no slavery
14th amendment-granted citizenship, due process, and equal protection
15th amendment- allowed black men to vote
Which case stated that "separate but equal" was constitutional and allowed segregation to continue for another 60 years.
Plessy vs. Ferguson (1896)
What was the reaction to the Supreme Court's decision in Brown v. Board of Education?
Southern states threatened to close schools, many new private schools opened up for white students, white people moved out of cities to suburban areas
Define slander and libel
Slander-false statements said to hurt someone's reputation
Libel-written false statements made to hurt someone's reputation
What does it mean for a part of the Bill of Rights to be selectively incorporated through the 14th amendment?
The amendment now applies to the states as well as the federal government.
List 2 civil rights women have had to fight for.
Right to vote, right to an abortion, ability to keep their property in marriage, right to employment, right to equal pay
Which case began the process of selective incorporation of the Bill of Rights?
Gitlow v. New York (1925)
List the rights guaranteed in the 5th amendment and those guaranteed in the 6th amendment.
5th: no self-incrimination, grand jury indictment, no double jeopardy, eminent domain, due process
6th: right to public and speedy jury trial, right to an attorney, ability to confront witnesses, call witness of your own, know charges against you
4th amendment- search and seizure
5th amendment-criminal indictment
6th & 7th amendments- rights at trial
8th amendments- rights during sentencing
Provide a limitation on the following rights:
Freedom of speech, assembly, religion
Speech: causes a "clear and present danger" or immediate unlawful action
Assembly: Becomes violent or leads to destruction of property
Religion: Certain practices (polygamy, drug use, or human sacrifice) are not allowed
List 3 provisions of the Civil Rights Act of 1964
Public businesses could not segregate customers; programs receiving federal funds could not discriminate based on race, gender, etc.; employment cannot be determined by race, gender, religion, etc.; school's hat still have not integrated will be provided with training and made to integrate
Roe v. Wade (1973) & Dobbs v. Jackson (2022)
List the limitations on the right to bear arms brought about by the federal and state governments.
Following people cannot own guns: Under 18, those with severe mental issues, felons
Magazine size and types of guns sold can be limited; Requirements to get concealed carry permits vary by state