People can not be denied the right to vote in federal elections because they had not paid a tax on voting; outlawed poll taxes
What is the 24th Amendment
100
Requires businesses with more than 24 employees to make their offices accessible to the disabled.
What is the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990
100
Laws of a state must treat an idividual in the same manner as others in similar conditions and circumstances.
What is equal protection
100
Action intended to convey a message
What is symbolic speech
200
Stated defendants must be informed of their rights before being arrested
What is Miranda v Arizona
200
The right to a fair and speedy trial by an impartial jury
What is the 6th Amendment
200
Programs that seek to create special employment opportunities for blacks, women, and other victims of discrimination
What are Affirmative Action Programs
200
Exemption of paying money and literacy tests to anyone whose grandfather had voted.
What are the Grandfather clauses
200
Censorship is not allowed of news material before it has been made public
What is prior restraint
300
Incorporated free speech to state governments
What is Gitlow v New York
300
Protects against double jeopardy and self incrimination. Includes due process of law and eminent domain.
What is the 5th Amendment
300
Designed to counteract voting discrimination in the South. Federal government was allowed to step in and register voters (a function primarily held by the states).
What is the Voting Rights Act of 1965
300
Ratification led to abolish slavery
What is the 13th Amendment
300
Unable to be tried twice for the same crime
What is double jeopardy
400
Applied the exclusionary rule to states, finding that unlawfully gathered eveidence could not be used in court
What is Mapp v Ohio
400
This amendment gave African Americans the right to vote while another gave women suffrage
What is the 15th and 19th amendments
400
Law created in 1972 that prohibits gender discrimination by institutions of higher education that receive federal funds. Has led to greater gender equality.
What is Title IX
400
African Americans became citizens of the nation and of their home states with its ratification
What is the 14th Amendment
400
Unlawfully gathered evidence can not be used in court
What is the exclusionary rule
500
Obscenity is not protected under the First Amendment, and the state and local government are able to declare what is obscene using the three part obscenity test
What is Miller v California
500
Guarantees due process and equal protection under the law. Gave citizenship rights to former slaves
What is the 14th Amendment
500
Increased the rights of blacks and other minorities and also gave the federal government great means to enfoce the law.
What is the Civil Rights Act of 1965
500
Payment in order to vote and was not outlawed until the 24th Amendment
What are poll taxes
500
Separation between church and state is created through this clause