J'Accuse!
This constitutional amendment protects against unreasonable search and seizures.
What is the Fourth Amendment?
The two distinct clauses encompassed by the 1st Amendment freedom of religion.
What are the Establishment Clause and the Free Exercise Clause?
Martin Luther King Jr. wrote his famous letter about civil rights boycotts from jail in this city.
What is Birmingham, Alabama?
Nonverbal communication, such as burning a flag or wearing an armband.
What is symbolic speech?
This clause of the 14th Amendment is the typical avenue the courts use to apply the protections of the Bill of Rights to the states.
What is the Due Process Clause?
The exception that allows law enforcement to act without warning to stop a suspect if there in an imminent danger.
What is the public safety exception?
In Wisconsin v. Yoder, the Supreme Court ruled that children from this community could not be forced to attend school past 8th grade.
Who are the Amish?
"You may well ask, 'Why ___________, why sit-ins, marches, and so forth? Isn’t negotiation a better path?' You are exactly right in your call for negotiation. Indeed, this is the purpose of ____________."
What is direct action?
A law that bans gender discrimination in schools that receive federal funds.
What is Title IX of the Education Amendments Act?
This amendment was at issue in Barron v. Baltimore, in which the Supreme Court ruled that the states were not obligated to provide just compensation for takings.
What is the Fifth Amendment?
Police must demonstrate to a judge that they have this before they will be granted a warrant.
What is probable cause?
This Supreme Court case prohibited school officials from leading students in prayer.
What is Engel v. Vitale?
"Nonviolent direct action seeks to create such a crisis and establish such creative _________ that a community that has consistently refused to negotiate is forced to confront the issue."
What is tension?
Principle upheld in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) in which the Supreme Court ruled that segregation of public facilities was legal.
What is "Separate but Equal"?
In this case, the Supreme Court recognized that the 1st Amendment could be applied to the states, even though it ultimately ruled against a socialist trying to overthrow the government.
What is Gitlow v. New York?
Which is NOT part of the 5th Amendment?
-Protection against double jeopardy
-Protection against self-incrimination
-Protection against unjust takings
-Protection against unreasonable fines
What is protection against unreasonable fines?
As of 2022, this is the largest single denomination of religious individuals within the United States.
What is Roman Catholicism?
This term refers to southern states' defiance of orders to desegregate their public institutions.
What is massive resistance?
A law invalidating the use of any test to deny the vote and authorizing federal officials to register black voters.
What is the Voting Rights Act, 1965?
In McDonald v. Chicago, the Supreme Court expanded its interpretation of the 2nd Amendment to strike down a ban on owning these.
What are handguns?
The Supreme Court does not consider the death penalty to count as "cruel and unusual punishment" prohibited by this amendment.
What is the Eighth Amendment?
The Satanic Temple has been in political news this year after organizing what in local public schools?
What is After School Satan Club?
"My friends, I must say to you that we have not made a single gain in _______________ without determined legal and nonviolent pressure. History is the long and tragic story of the fact that privileged groups seldom give up their privileges voluntarily."
What is civil rights?
The Supreme Court case that requires law enforcement officers to inform a suspect of their right not to self-incriminate.
What is Miranda v. Arizona?
Although most states do provide for jury trials in civil cases, the Supreme Court has repeatedly refused to require it by incorporating this amendment.
What is the Seventh Amendment?