Segregation in the South
This term describes the system of laws that required racial segregation in the South
What are Jim Crow laws?
This 1954 Supreme Court case ruled segregation in public schools unconstitutional.
What is Brown v. Board of Education?
This tactic involved refusing to buy or use a service to create economic pressure.
What is a boycott?
This civil rights leader delivered the “I Have a Dream” speech at the 1963 March on Washington.
Who is Martin Luther King Jr.?
This lawyer led the legal team that argued Brown v. Board of Education before the Supreme Court.
Who is Thurgood Marshall?
This Supreme Court case (1896) ruled that segregation was legal under the doctrine of “separate but equal.”
What is Plessy v. Ferguson?
This president sent federal troops to enforce school integration in Little Rock, Arkansas (1957).
Who is Dwight D. Eisenhower?
Civil rights activists used this tactic when they peacefully occupied segregated lunch counters.
What are sit-ins?
This Alabama city became a major civil rights battleground in 1963 where protesters faced fire hoses and police dogs.
What is Birmingham?
This student-led civil rights organization helped organize sit-ins and voter registration campaigns.
What is SNCC (Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee)?
This constitutional principle of equal protection (that requires laws to protect people equally) is in this amendment.
What is the 14th Amendment?
This amendment (1964) banned poll taxes in federal elections.
What is the 24th Amendment?
This famous boycott began after Rosa Parks refused to give up her bus seat in 1955.
What is the Montgomery Bus Boycott?
When marchers were attacked in Alabama on the Edmund Pettus Bridge, they were marching in support of this fundamental right.
What is the right to vote (voting rights)?
This Black Power organization, founded in Oakland in the 1960s, supported armed self-defense but also ran community programs like free breakfast for children and free health clinics.
What is the Black Panthers?
This common voting barrier used in the Jim Crow South often times created confusion to prevent minorities from voting.
What are literacy tests?
This 1965 federal law banned literacy tests and allowed the federal government to oversee elections in states with a history of discrimination.
What is the Voting Rights Act of 1965?
In 1961, activists organized these rides on interstate buses through the South to test whether federal laws banning segregation in bus terminals were being enforced.
What are the Freedom Rides?
In 1964, civil rights activists held marches, sit-ins, & wade-ins in this city to protest segregation in restaurants, hotels, and public places (pools, beaches), drawing national attention and increasing pressure for federal civil rights legislation.
What is Saint Augustine, Florida?
This activist and leader of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee popularized the slogan “Black Power” during a 1966 march in Mississippi.
Who is Stokely Carmichael?
This term describes preventing people from voting through legal barriers, intimidation, or unfair practices.
What is disenfranchisement?
After violence against civil rights protesters in Birmingham and other cities, this 1964 law outlawed discrimination in public accommodations, employment, and federally funded programs.
What is the Civil Rights Act of 1964?
This strategy of the Civil Rights Movement involved activists deliberately breaking unjust laws—while remaining peaceful—to expose injustice and pressure the government to act.
What is civil disobedience?
This 1964 Mississippi campaign aimed to register African American voters and drew national attention to voter suppression.
What is Freedom Summer?
This person cofounded the militant civil rights organization known as the Black Panthers with Bobby Seale.
Who is Huey Newton?