Amendments
The Supreme Court ruled in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka (1954) that it is unconstitutional for states to racially segregate public schools. Which of the following amendments is most relevant to this decision?
Fourteenth Amendment
Racial segregation of public schools was deemed unconstitutional
Brown v. Board of Education
Who stated this?
Who can say the legislature of Alabama which set up the segregation laws was democratically elected? Throughout the state of Alabama all types of conniving methods are used to prevent Negroes from becoming registered voters…
MLK
Preference men over women is a violation of what clause in the 14th Amendment?
equal protection clause
What document elaborated on the need of civil disobedience as protest during the 1960s?
Letters from Birmingham Jail
Which of the following amendments to the United States Constitution states that "the enumeration…of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people," further protecting civil liberties?
Ninth Amendment
This case leaned on the fact that State statutes had previously restricted African American access to public facilities
Plessy v. Ferguson
President Lyndon B. Johnson urged Congress to pass this Act in response to a social movement seeking to end racial discrimination in public accommodations
Civil Rights Act of 1964
a law that prohibits the use of illegally obtained evidence in a criminal trial.
Exclusionary Rule
What amendment was ratified after the first widely sweeping use of the equal protection clause within the 14th amendment in 1920?
19th - Women's right to vote
Which amendment is under debate when talking about the death penalty?
Eighth
The equal protection clause within the 14th Amendment was debated in this policy because it relies on racial classifications for admission to college in this?
What right was denied in Schenck v. United States?
Freedom of Speech
prohibition of warrantless searches and private papers (including cell phone data), exclusionary rule, Miranda rule (require law enforcement to inform accused persons of their rights prior to incarceration), pretrial rights (legal counsel, timely and public trial, jury of peers), + more
Due Process
Plessy v. Ferguson created this exodus in American History
The Great Migration
Warrantless police seizures of arrestees' cell phone call log are unreasonable thanks to this Amendment
Fourth
This case charged a man with conspiracy to violate the Espionage Act of 1917 by attempting to cause insubordination in the military and to obstruct recruitment.
Schenck v. United States (1919)
This government program was in response to the Civil Rights Movement
COINTELPRO
State laws that prevented African Americans from entering public spaces such as restaurants, hotels, and schools reserved for the majority white population are what types of segregation
de jure
What was the organization that got Title IX into the Education Amendments Act of 1972
National Organization of Women (NOW)
The 1st amendment does not protect this type of speech
lewd and obscene, the profane, the libelous, and the insulting or 'fighting' words
This case was essential to decriminalizing homosexuality in Texas
Lawrence v. Texas
This was the catalyst of the Civil Rights movement for the LGBTQ community
Stonewall Riots
The test says that the printed or spoken word may not be the subject of previous restraint or subsequent punishment unless its expression creates this of bringing about a substantial evil.
clear and present danger
Name a Liberty within every Amendment
1. speech, religion, press, assemble, petition
2. bear arms
3. Do not have to quarter soldiers
4. unreasonable search and seizures, need a warrant and probable cause
5. innocent until proven guilty, protection from testifying against yourself (right to remain silent), double jeopardy, right to a grand jury, right to due process
6. speedy and public trial, lawyer, impartial jury, know who your accusers are, what you're charged with, and the evidence against you.
7. Trial by a jury in private (civil) cases of more than $20
8. prohibits cruel and unusual punishment
9. Additional rights not listed
10. Powers not given to US in Constitution go to the States