Openly testified against whites accused of abducting his nephew, putting his life at risk.
What did Mose Wright do that was heroic?
100
Work immediately to improve food, clothing, housing, education and jobs for African Americans
What is Malcolm X's view needs to be done while African Americans wait to enact separation of the races?
100
"this is not a method for cowards; it does resist... (though) he is not physically aggressive toward his opponent,... constantly seeking to persuade the opponent that he is mistaken."
What is MLK Jr.'s description of nonviolent resistance?
100
To explain to his audience the need for northern whites to be involved in the voting drive in the south.
What is the purpose of Rev. Galbreath's sermon?
100
Gave the federal government the ability to outlaw discrimination and segregation and prosecute those who participated in it.
What is the 1964 Civil Rights Act?
200
Entered Little Rock High School alone, braving very large, hostile crowd.
What action did Elizabeth Eckford take that was heroic?
200
To give "us a religious base, and the spiritual force necessary to rid our people of the vices that destroy the moral fiber of our community"
What is the purpose of the Muslim Mosque described by Malcolm X?
200
The goal of "nonviolent resistance does not seek to defeat or humiliate the opponent, but to win his friendship and understanding... to awaken a sense of moral shame in the opponent."
What is the goal of nonviolent resistance? (Notice how this is exactly what Craig Raines was describing as the change in himself at Little Rock High School)
200
Paved streets, education of children, and control over the police and courts.
What are three main reasons Galbreath says being able to vote is crucial.
200
Gave the federal government the ability to monitor election laws and register voters in the south.
What is the 1965 Voting Rights Act?
300
She was called before the Senate Internal Security Subcommittee and questioned about being a Communist.
What action was taken against Grace Lorch, the woman who helped Elizabeth Eckford?
300
"we must control the politics and the politicians of our community."
What is black nationalism?
300
The nonviolent "attack is directed against the forces of evil rather than against persons who are caught in those forces... the basic tension is not between the races."
What is the target of nonviolent resistance?
300
No charges when African Americans are murdered; police participate in the murder of African Americans.
What is the result of having no control over the police force through voting.
300
Hired only for low paying jobs; not permitted to rent or own homes in white neighborhoods; forced to live in inner cities; rioting and violence.
What are ongoing problems of African Americans even after civil rights laws were passed?
400
Children protesters in Birmingham
Who carried out protests against segregation in place of their parents so that they would not lose their jobs?
400
"Whites can help us, but they can't join us."
What is Malcolm X's position on white involvement in the black human/civil rights movement?
400
Nonviolent resistance "avoids not only external physical violence but also internal violence of the spirit... the oppressed people of the world must not allow themselves to become bitter or indulge in hate campaigns."
What is MLK Jr.'s description of nonviolent resistors' internal attitude toward their opponents?
400
Prejudiced southern whites would have hurt their businesses, perhaps used violence against them.
What is the problem faced by Southern whites who would like to have spoken against prejudice?
400
White racism was the cause of violence in inner cities; recommended federal government creation of jobs, housing, and enforcement of desegregation.
What is the result of the Kerner Commission's investigation into causes of violence in inner cities?
500
Asked northern, middle class and upper middle class whites, including the college students, to participate.
What strategy did the voting rights drive use to bring attention to violence committed against their workers?
500
"the time has come for the American negro to fight back in self-defense whenever and wherever he is being unjustly and unlawfully attacked."
What is Malcolm X's position on use of violence?
500
"...the universe is on the side of justice... the nonviolent resister [accepts] suffering without retaliation..."
What is MLK Jr.'s description of the source of nonviolent resisters' faith in the long term attainment of their goal?
500
"It is only when white men are a part of the demonstration that the world spotlight comes to them. It is only when a white minister is murdered that a nation becomes incensed."
What is Galbreath's explanation of why white involvement in the voting drive is necessary?
500
Measures to improve work or education opportunities for members of historically disadvantaged groups.