Vocabulary
Leader of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC). Gave an influential speech stating his dreams for the future and seeing an end to discrimination and segregation. One of the most influential Civil Rights leaders.
Who is Dr. Martin Luther King.
Attorney in the Brown v Board of Education who helped fight to make Separate but equal unconstitutional. Became the first African American to serve as a Supreme Court Justice
Thurgood Marshall
Type of protests lead by MLK jr. and influenced by Mahatma Gandi
Peaceful Protesting
Arrested after sitting down and refused to give up her seat to a white male after being prompted to do so by the bus driver. Event helped spark the Montgomery Bus Boycott
Who is Rosa Parks.
This amendment gave all citizens the right to vote. It prohibits the government from denying a citizen the right to vote based on race.
What is the 15th Amendment.
Group of interracial (Black and White Americans) bus riders who rode the bus together into the deep south to challenge segregation laws. Experienced extreme racism and violence.
Who are the Freedom Riders.
Organization formed in 1909 to protect the rights of African Americans to ensure the political, educational, social and economic quality of rights of all people and to eliminate race-based discrimination.
What is the NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People)
14-year-old African American boy kidnapped, beaten and murdered by two white men for supposedly flirting with white women. Mother opted for an open casket at his funeral.
Who is Emmet Till.
Signed by Pres. LBJ, this act banned literacy tests, and discriminatory practices used to prevent African Americans from voting.
Voting Act of 1965
To protest segregation, people did not ride the bus instead they opted to walk or carpool and black taxi drivers charged 10 cent fees same as bus fees. Lasted for 381 Days
What is the Montgomery Bus Boycott.
Mostly deprived from gospel music, these were used as a way to keep people motivated during their long marches and protests. A way for people to mentally cope w/violence by expressing their feelings. Gestures used such as crossing over of arms and holding hands while swaying.
What are Freedom Songs/ Civil Rights songs
The president who passed the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965.
Who is Lyndon B Johnson.
1957, Integration of a group of African American students into an at white school in Arkansas. On their first day the National Guard denied their entry. Pres. Eisenhower sent Federal Troops to escort the group on and off campus.
Little Rock 9
Sitting at a business, asking for service and refusing to move. For example, sitting at an "All White" lunch counter. First began in North Carolina by a group of African American college boys.
What is a sit-in.
Outlawed major forms of discrimination in public schools, libraries, restaurants and other facilities.
What is the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
Granted as constitutional during Plessy v Ferguson, this law allowed for separate accommodations of facilities to be used only by African Americans and only White Americans.
What is Separate But Equal
Father died when he was 6 years old, mother mentally ill. Part of the Nation of Islam (NOI), before converting and believed in self-defense and violence when necessary.
Who is Malcolm X
Went to Mississippi state university, Ole Miss, to get an education in his home state and have the opportunity to get the best education possible. Denied entry until escorted by Federal military.
Who is James Meredith
The court stated, "Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal."- Unconstitutional. Lead to integration of schools.
What is Brown v. Board of Education