North and South
This 1854 law let settlers in Kansas and Nebraska vote on whether to allow slavery, causing violent conflict.
What is the Kansas-Nebraska Act?
The election of this man in 1860 caused Southern states to secede.
Who is Abraham Lincoln?
Lincoln’s main goal at the start of the Civil War was to do this.
What is preserve (or save) the Union?
This government agency helped former enslaved people with food, education, and jobs.
What is the Freedmen’s Bureau?
These laws restricted the freedom of African Americans right after the Civil War.
What were the Black Codes?
The North’s economy was based mostly on factories and manufacturing, while the South’s economy depended on this.
What is agriculture or farming (especially cotton)?
This compromise of 1820 kept the balance between free and slave states by adding Missouri and Maine.
What is the Missouri Compromise?
This 1863 order freed enslaved people in Confederate states.
What is the Emancipation Proclamation?
This amendment abolished slavery.
What is the 13th Amendment?
This system kept many freedmen tied to the land and in debt to landowners.
What is sharecropping?
This invention by Eli Whitney made cotton production more profitable and increased the demand for enslaved labor.
What is the cotton gin?
This 1857 Supreme Court case ruled that enslaved people were property, not citizens.
What is Dred Scott v. Sandford?
The North had a major advantage over the South in this area, which allowed faster troop movement and supply transport.
What are railroads and/or industry?
This amendment guaranteed citizenship and equal protection under the law.
What is the 14th Amendment?
These laws enforced racial segregation in the South.
What are Jim Crow laws?
This 1850 agreement admitted California as a free state and included a stricter Fugitive Slave Law.
What is the Compromise of 1850?
He led the 1859 raid on Harpers Ferry that was an attempt to start a slave rebellion.
Who is John Brown?
During the Civil War, some Northerners criticized Lincoln for limiting this group of rights in order to keep the Union secure.
What are civil liberties (such as freedom of speech and press)?
This right, protected by the 15th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, was often denied to African American men in the South through poll taxes and literacy tests.
What is the right to vote?
This Supreme Court case (1896) said segregation was legal as long as facilities were “separate but equal.”
What is Plessy v. Ferguson?
This term described loyalty to one’s own region rather than to the nation as a whole.
What is sectionalism?
This 1852 novel by Harriet Beecher Stowe showed the cruelty of slavery and increased Northern opposition to it.
What is Uncle Tom’s Cabin?
Lincoln suspended this legal protection that allows people to challenge unlawful arrest during wartime.
What is habeas corpus?
Members of this group wanted to punish the South and give full rights to freedmen.
Who were the Radical Republicans?
This 1898 Supreme Court case upheld literacy tests and poll taxes, allowing the South to take away African Americans’ right to vote.
What is Williams v. Mississippi?