Who Am I?
First Modern War
North vs. South
Significant Battles
Potpourri
100
A tenacious general, who through his victories in the Western campaign,(in battles such as Vicksburg and Shiloh) convinced President Lincoln to place him in command of all Union armies by the end of the war.
Who is General Ulysses S. Grant?
100
Technological weapon used by Lincoln during the war to transport troops, weapons and supplies in days instead of months/weeks.
What are trains(railroads)?
100
The first state to secede from the Union.
What was South Carolina?
On December 20, 1860, the state of South Carolina became the first state to secede from the Union.
100
The first major battle of the Civil War, Lincoln sent Union troops to fight a Confederate army in northern Virginia. Many civilians convinced that the war would be over in “one big battle” set up picnics on grassy hills to watch “the festivities”. Union forces get overwhelmed by “Stonewall” Jackson and his reinforcements. Bedlam and chaos ensue.
What is the Battle of Bull Run?
100
The South, in an effort to seize the last arsenal under federal control in the Confederacy, attacked this Fort in South Carolina on April 12, 1861, thus officially starting the Civil War.
What is Fort Sumter?
200
Regarded as one of the best strategic generals of all time, he was offered the command of Union armies at the beginning of the Civil War, but turned it down because he couldn't bear to "draw his sword" against his native state of Virginia.
Who is General Robert E. Lee?
200
Name for the type of improved bullet during the Civil War known for its grooved base, that coupled with the grooves in a rifle, improved accuracy and trojectory and increased casualties in the war. It was also small enough to be easily put down the barrel of a rifled long gun and didn't have to be jammed.
What is the minie ball?
200
Give one example of how a Northerner could avoid the draft and one example of how a Southerner could avoid the draft.
For the North:
A Northerner could pay a fee of $300 to exempt himself from military service.
For the South:
One man from each plantation that had 20 or more slaves could be exempt from military service.
200
The two main reasons Pickett's charge failed at the Battle of Gettysburg.
What are:
1)The Southern artillery ran short of ammo before it could completely disrupt the center of the Union line.
2) Second, there was this fence in the middle of the valley between Seminary Ridge and Cemetery Ridge that Picket's troops had to climb over.
200
Name the Harriets:
One was a former escaped slave, who helped guide many slaves to freedom using the "Underground Railroad".
The other wrote "Uncle Tom's Cabin", a novel depicting the cruelties done to slaves by their masters.
Who were Harriet Tubman and Harriet Beecher Stowe?
300
A radical abolitionist , he led a failed revolt to capture weapons at the Federal arsenal at Harper'sFerry, Virginia. He was captured, put to death, and later became a martyr for the Northern cause.
Who is John Brown?
300
Name for the type of war that is unrestricted in terms of the weapons used, the territory or combatants involved, or the objectives pursued, especially one in which the laws of war are disregarded. Military targets, as well as civilian houses, crops, livestock are often torched or destroyed. Union Gen. Sherman used this tactic on his march through Georgia.
What is total war?
300
Describe the stipulations of the Fugitive Slave law.
What did require citizens to do? Why did Northerners particularly dislike it? What would happen if they did not cooperate with the law?
Part of the Compromise of 1850, the new fugitive slave act of 1850 required citizens to help catch and return runaway slaves. Anyone who let slaves get away (or helped them) could be fined $1,000 and spend up to 6 months in jail. It also established a special court to hear cases against accused runaway slaves. For each slave returned to his/her owner, the judge would get paid $10. If the judge ruled the person was free, he would be paid $5 for his services.
Northerners hated the Fugitive Slave Act. To them, it meant they were all required to act as slave catchers. Southerners felt the law was justified because they considered slaves to be property. Southern slave catchers roamed the North sometimes capturing free African Americans. This law inspired Harriet Beecher Stowe to write her novel Uncle Tom’s Cabin. It also meant that those using the Underground Railroad would have to go all the way to Canada where slavery was banned to truly reach freedom.
300
This battle was a 6 week siege of this town, in which the North (under Gen. Grant) cut the Confederate Army into two, by gaining control of Mississippi River. It was a major victory for the North in their "Western Theater" campaign, and this Southern city would not celebrate the Fourth of July for 81 years.
What is Vicksburg?
300
Known as for being one of the first all black regiments in the Civil War, this regiment led the assault on Fort Wagner in 1863 in which almost half of the regiment was killed, including Colonel Robert Gould Shaw. While they never captured the fort, their bravery encouraged more black enlistments in the Union army and won a degree of acceptance among white Americans.
What is the 54th Massachusetts?
400
Democratic senator from Illinois known for his famous debates with Abraham Lincoln over slavery. A fiery orator, and great debator, he supported popular sovereignty and the Compromise of 1850.
Who is Stephen Douglas?
400
America's first tool of mass communication, like Twitter or email today, it took seconds to send and transcribe messages from this invention, and was key to Lincoln communicating with all of his generals.
What is the telegraph?
400
Name 3 major strategies of the North and 2 major strategies of the South during the Civil War.
North:
1) Capture and hold border states.
2) Use “Anaconda Policy”.
3) Control Mississippi River , Blockade Confederate ports and railroads. Cut/destroy Southern supply lines .
4) Capture Richmond.
5) Defend Washington D.C.
South:
1)Utilize superior military leaders(Robert E. Lee, Stonewall Jackson)
2)Defend home soil.
3)Gain Foreign Support(England-France)
4) Capture Washington DC if possible.
400
Hoping to break the North's morale and resolve, Genral Robert E. Lee and the South took a rare offensive approach in this battle. The battle backfired on them, and was a victory and a major turning point of the war for the North, and a decisive battle for the "Eastern Theater" campaign.
What is Gettysburg?
400
Name two positives and two negatives that came from the Emancipation Proclamation.
Answers may vary, but acceptable answers include:
Positives:
1) Lincoln's proclamation has now made slavery an issue and embraces the moral high ground. England and France, both morally opposed to slavery, could not in good conscience ally themselves with the Confederacy.
2) This granted freedom to all slaves in areas of the Confederacy still in rebellion.
3) It did allow African-Americans to join the Union Army and Navy and would be a stepping stone to more African American rights.
1)The proclamation did not pertain to slaves in the border states.
2) The South chose to ignore the Proclamation.
500
A teacher and nurse known as the "Angel of the Battlefield”, for her organized care of the sick and wounded behind Union lines during the Civil War. She was also the founder of the American Red Cross in 1881.After the war, she opened the Missing Soldier Office. She was able to find information on more than 22,000 soldiers.
Who was Clara Barton?
500
Explain how the media could play a role in changing the course of the war.
Answers may very.
The Civil War was one of the first wars to be photographed and reported. Depending on what was reported or what pictures were shown to the public, it could be used to boost morale for one side or deflate morale of one's enemies.
500
Name 3 advantages the North had over the South during the Civil War and 2 advantages the South had over the North.
Northern Advantages:
22 Million People/24 states (more people)
More factories: 92% of the nation’s industries (coal, iron, copper)
Had most of the railroad lines.
Had gold with which to buy foreign goods and back up currency.
Had a large U.S. Navy and a large part of the merchant marine
Southern Advantages:
South fought a defensive war.
South, on the whole, had better generals.(Robert E. Lee, Stonewall Jackson, etc.)
South knew the land they were fighting on since they were fighting a defensive war.
500
The Battle of Hampton Roads involved a fight between these two iron-clad ships.
1)Name the ships.
2) Explain why it is considered a draw by historians today, but a victory by the North at the time of the Civil War.
1)What are the Monitor and the Merimack(Virginia)?
2) It was technically a draw because neither ship was able to sink the other and cannonballs bounced harmlessly off each ship's sides.
3) Since the Confederates built an ironclad ship first, they started sinking Union wooden built ships at will. There was a concern the South, using their ironclad ship, could sail North, destroy the Federal fleet and maybe even capture the capital. But once the North constructed the Monitor, it could "negate" the South's "super-weapon" advantage, thus swinging things back in favor of the North.
500
Name the two reasons the Supreme Court gave for why Dred Scott was NOT free and therefore still a slave.
What are:
1)The Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional because it prohibited slavery north of the 36' 30 latitude line, and under the Fifth Amendment, Congress had no right to deprive anyone of their property.
2) Blacks who were slaves or descendants of slaves could not be citizens of theUnited States, therefore Scott couldn't sue in a federal court.