CAUSES OF THE WAR
This principle allowed settlers in a territory to decide the issue of slavery for themselves.
What is Popular Sovereignty?
The strategy used by the Union to blockade Southern ports and control the Mississippi River.
What is the Anaconda Plan?
The amendment that officially abolished slavery throughout the entire United States.
What is the 13th Amendment?
The most significant economic impact of the 13th Amendment on the South was the need to replace slave labor with this agricultural labor system.
What is Sharecropping?
This term refers to the belief that the needs of one's own section or region are more important than the needs of the whole country.
What is Sectionalism?
This 1854 act overturned the Missouri Compromise and fueled violence between pro-slavery and anti-slavery groups.
What is the Kansas-Nebraska Act?
This battle is considered the turning point of the war in the Eastern theater, ending Lee's final attempt to invade the North.
What is the Battle of Gettysburg?
This group of Congressmen favored harsh punishment for the South and advocated for full civil rights and voting rights for Freedmen.
Who are the Radical Republicans?
The Due Process and Equal Protection clauses, which form the basis for much of modern civil rights law, are found in this amendment.
What is the 14th Amendment?
Term for Northerners who moved to the South during Reconstruction, often to help with education and business, but were viewed as opportunists.
What are Carpetbaggers?
The belief held by the South that states could declare federal laws unconstitutional and void them.
What is Nullification?
The 1863 presidential action that freed enslaved people only in the Confederate states still in rebellion.
What is the Emancipation Proclamation?
This agency was created to help formerly enslaved people and poor whites in the South by providing food, medical aid, and establishing schools.
What is the Freedmen's Bureau?
This amendment was largely nullified in the South through the use of literacy tests, poll taxes, and grandfather clauses.
What is the 15th Amendment?
The system that prevented many poor farmers from making money by having them rent tools and seed from the landlord, often resulting in never-ending debt.
What is the Crop Lien System?
What is the Crop Lien System?
(sharecropping/tenant farming)
This 1857 Supreme Court ruling declared that African Americans were not citizens and that Congress could not prohibit slavery in the territories.
What is the Dred Scott Decision (Dred Scott v. Sandford)?
The Union military campaign led by General William T. Sherman that employed Total War to demoralize the Southern population.
What is Sherman's March to the Sea?
Laws passed by Southern states immediately after the Civil War to severely restrict the economic and personal freedoms of African Americans.
What are Black Codes?
The Supreme Court case of Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) established this legal doctrine that upheld the constitutionality of Jim Crow laws.
What is "Separate but Equal?"
The name given to the laws in the South, beginning in the late 19th century, that enforced mandated racial segregation in public life.
What are Jim Crow Laws?
This event, led by an abolitionist, was an attempt to start a massive slave revolt by seizing a federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry.
What is John Brown's Raid?
This constitutional right, suspended by President Lincoln during the war, protects citizens from being held without being charged with a crime.
What is Habeas Corpus?
The unwritten agreement that settled the disputed 1876 election, resulting in the withdrawal of federal troops and the end of Reconstruction.
What is the Compromise of 1877?
The period immediately following the passage of the 15th Amendment where African American men actively participated in politics, holding offices at the local, state, and federal levels.
What is Black Republicanism (or Political Mobilization)?
The term for the process of absorbing people into a different culture, which was the stated goal of policies toward Native Americans (like the Dawes Act).
What is Assimilation?