Claim
A claim.
What is an arguable statement that expresses a writer’s position?
Define evidence.
What is facts, statistics, quotations, or expert opinions used to support a claim?
Reasoning.
What is the part of an argument that explains how evidence supports the claim?
An opposing viewpoint to a writer’s main claim.
What is a counterclaim?
The practice of giving credit to sources used in writing.
What is a citation?
The strongest claim among these:
“Social media affects teens,”
“Many teens use social media,”
“Social media negatively impacts teen mental health.”
What is “Social media negatively impacts teen mental health”?
“A student said school lunches are unhealthy.” This type of evidence is considered weak because?
What is it lacks sufficient evidence and credibility?
What is missing in this argument:
“Later school start times increase student attendance; therefore, schools should start later.”
What is the reasoning that explains the connection between attendance and learning?
The counterclaim in this sentence:
“While later start times benefit students, they create scheduling challenges for families.”
What is “They create scheduling challenges for families”?
The citation style most commonly used in English Language Arts.
What is MLA?
A revised version of “Technology in schools is important” that is specific and arguable.
What is “Technology in schools improves student engagement and access to information”? etc.
The most effective evidence to support a claim about later school start times.
What is peer-reviewed research showing academic or health benefits?
The logical flaw in the statement:
“Phone bans improve grades because grades went up after phones were banned.”
What is the cause and effect claim having no validity?
The reason an effective argument should acknowledge counterclaims.
What is to demonstrate fairness and strengthen credibility?
The two required elements of an MLA in-text citation.
What are the author’s last name and page number?
The main weakness of the claim “Everyone knows homework is bad.”
What is it that is vague, biased, and not arguable?
The main reason a blog post with no author is unreliable as evidence.
What is the lack of credibility and verifiable expertise in the area?
A strengthened explanation that connects reduced distractions to higher test scores.
What is reasoning that explains how focus improves comprehension and understanding?
A valid counterclaim to the argument that standardized testing should be eliminated.
What is standardized tests provide a consistent way to measure learning?
The error in this citation:
(Smith, page 24)
What is using a comma in an in-text citation and the word "page"?
One way to strengthen the claim “School uniforms reduce distractions.”
What is adding specificity, context, or a clear reason?
The main reason a TikTok video is unreliable as evidence.
What is the prevalence of misinformation aided by biased algorithms, lack of expert vetting, and short-form content that favors anecdotes over facts?
An explanation that identifies the assumption connecting this evidence to the claim:
Claim: Later school start times improve academic achievement.
Evidence: Students at schools with later start times earn higher GPAs.
What is reasoning that explains how increased sleep improves academic performance?
A rebuttal that weakens the counterclaim that standardized tests measure learning effectively.
What is that they fail to account for different learning styles and increase test anxiety?
A correctly formatted MLA book citation for a source at your table.
What is Author's Last Name, First Name. Title. Publisher. Publication date.