PRESSURE
5-15 mmHg
What is normal ICP
Battle's sign, Raccoon eyes, and Halo sign
What are the signs and symptoms of Basilar fracture?
Mannitol
What is an Osmotic diuretic?
pH 7.35-7.45
PaCO2 35-45 mmHg
PaO2 75-100 mmHg
SaO2 95-100%
HCO3 24-28 mEq/L
What are normal levels of ABGs?
Sore throat or cough that does not go away, trouble or pain when swallowing, ear pain, lump in neck or throat, and change or hoarseness in voice.
What are signs and symptoms of laryngeal cancer?
Confusion; restlessness and lethargy; disorientation, first to time, then to place and person
What is the first sign of IICP?
Otorrhea and Rhinorrhea
Where can CSF leak from?
Steroids
What decreases metabolic rate?
pH 7.32
PaCO2 50 mmHg
HCO3 28 mEq/L
What is Respiratory Acidosis?
Screening with Low-dose spiral CT scans (LDCT)
Which screening decreases the risk of dying from lung cancer for heavy smokers?
Relationship between the brain, CSF, and blood; if one increases the other two decreases.
What is Monro-Kellie hypothesis?
Subdural and Epidural
What are the locations of intracranial hemorrhage?
Regulates water balance
What does an Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) vasopressin do?
PaCO2 50 mmHg
HCO3 31 mEq/L
What is Compensated Respiratory Acidosis?
Prolonged tobacco and alcohol use, occupational exposure (coal or steel dust, pain fumes, asbestos, etc), HPV infection, GERD, poor dietary habits, poor oral hygiene, immune compromised, and advanced age
What are risk factors for Head and Neck Cancers (cancer of the larynx)?
Epidural probe, Subarachnoid screw, and Intraventricular catheter.
What are the types of ICP monitoring?
Rest (physical and brain), Sleep, and Check-up before return to play.
What are the patient teachings after a concussion?
Who is contraindicated for Propofol?
Abnormal pH and abnormal PACO2 OR abnormal HCO3
What is not compensated ABGs?
Expected: Temporary depressed gag reflex and possible sore throat
Not expected: Stridor, shortness of breath, increased hoarseness
What are expected and not expected post-laryngoscopy effects?
MAP - ICP; MAP=(2DBP + SBP)/3
How do you calculate Cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP)?
Depression, lower GPA, memory deficits, and erratic behavior.
What are the long term effects of a concussion (post-concussion syndrome)?
Pilocarpine Hydrochloride (Salagen) *start before therapy and continue for up to 90 days
What is prescribed for xerostomia (dry mouth)?
Abnormal pH with abnormal PaCO2 and abnormal HCO3
What is partially compensated ABGs?
What is xerostomia?