1920s Presidents & Scandals
This 1920s president promised a "Return to Normalcy".
Who is Warren G. Harding?
This phase of the business cycle is a slowdown where consumers buy less and workers are laid off.
What is a Recession?
This was President Hoover's philosophy that people should rely on friends, family, and themselves instead of government relief.
What is Rugged Individualism?
This New Deal program, whose acronym is its common name, was intended to help retired persons and the unemployed.
What is the SSA (Social Security Administration)?
This movement was an expression of black pride, art, and struggle with racism, centered in a famous New York neighborhood
What is the Harlem Renaissance?
Warren G. Harding's Secretary of the Interior, Albert Fall, was indicted for accepting bribes in this oil field scandal
What is the Teapot Dome Scandal?
The system where banks only keep a small fraction of deposits on hand, loaning out the rest
What are reserves (or fractional reserve banking)?
Shantytowns built of cardboard boxes and scrap material were sarcastically named these to show dissatisfaction with the president.
What are Hoovervilles?
This New Deal agency was created to guarantee people's bank deposits, restoring public confidence in the banking system.
What is the FDIC (Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation)?
The general term for young, single women in the 1920s who broke away from traditional values by wearing short dresses and pursuing independence
What are Flappers?
Known as "Silent Cal," this president famously stated, "The business of America is business".
Who is Calvin Coolidge?
The tariff passed in 1930 which led Europe to raise their own tariffs, causing them to stop buying American goods.
What is the Hawley-Smoot Tariff?
This Hoover-backed construction project was financed by the government as a Public Works Project to create jobs
What is the Hoover Dam (or Boulder Dam)?
The program that created jobs for young men (ages 18-25) in conservation work, such as building roads and planting trees
What is the CCC (Civilian Conservation Corps)?
This type of painting, focused on realistic, idealized scenes of rural, small-town America, included artists Grant Wood and Thomas Hart Benton
What is Regionalism?
The international agreement from 1928 that outlawed war as an "instrument of national policy".
What is the Kellogg-Briand Pact?
This occurs when you sell a stock for more than you paid for it
What is a capital gain?
In 1932, 15,000 WWI veterans and their families marched on D.C. demanding immediate payment of their promised $1,000 bonus
What is the Bonus Army March (or the Bonus March)?
The permanent programs, like the FDIC and SEC, that FDR created to prevent another depression are classified under this "R" of the New Deal.
What is Reform?
The decade's famous popular songs, often by composers like George and Ira Gershwin, are known by this collective name
What is the Great American Songbook?
This Republican president who won the 1928 election was ultimately blamed for the Great Depression.
Who is Herbert Hoover?
The practice of using credit to buy stock, which contributed to an increased risk in the stock market
What is buying on margin?
This government corporation was created in 1932 to stabilize the economy by making $2 billion in loans to banks, railroads, and other major businesses
What is the Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC)?
FDR's controversial proposal in 1937 that would have allowed him to add a new Justice for every Justice over age 70, which Congress rejected.
What is Court Packing?
This photographer documented the desperate mother in the famous Migrant Mother photo, often as part of the government's Farm Security Administration project25.
Who is Dorothea Lange?