Greek City States
What is a polis?
A Greek City-State
What does Hellenism mean?
To make Greek
Where was the City-State of Rome located?
Italian Peninsula in the mediterranean
What region of the world did the Roman Empire dominate?
The mediterranean
Describe some natural weaknesses of very large empires.
- More land/border you have to protect or control
- More people you have to feed
- Military is spread across a vast land
- Different areas develop regional loyalty/interest
Why did Greek city states rely on trade?
Greece was rocky/mountainous and lacked natural resources.
What large empire did Alexander go to war with?
The Persian Empire
How did geography play a role in the development of rome?
Rome was located on the Mediterranean
Individual who declared himself dictator and was the sole ruler of Rome before being assassinated.
Julius Caesar
Who was the first Emperor of Rome
Augustus
What kind of religion did the greeks have?
Polytheistic - Gods/Goddesses
Why was Phillip II important to Alexander's Empire?
He built the Macedonian military and conquered all of Greece before Alexander ever became king.
What were the 3 main classes of people in the Roman Republic?
Patricians - Nobles/5% of population
Plebeians - Peasants/farmers
Slaves - usually from places rome conquered
What are the Punic wars?
Wars between Rome and Carthage
What major reform did Diocletian make to the empire?
He split it in half
What is an acropolis?
Area above the city, usually with temples, dedicated to the gods.
Name 4 modern countries alexander conquered.
- Persian Empire (includes a lot of places)
(Turkey, Iraq, Iran, Syria, Israel, Lebanon)
-Egypt
- India
What is a republic?
A form of government where people vote on representatives.
What are both names of the first Emperor of Rome?
Augustus/Octavian
What reforms did Constantine make to the empire?
- Moved capital to the east (Constantinople)
- Edict of Milan legalized Christianity
Explain Athenian democracy
Athens had a direct democracy where people voted on laws.
What happened to Alexander and his empire?
He died of disease and his empire was split apart into 4 "Hellenistic kingdoms"
What are the 12 tables? Why were they significant?
Legal code developed by the romans. All citizens had a right to protection under the law.
Explain Pax Romana - The word itself and why it was significant.
Roman Peace. Peace within the empire for 200 years. Golden age for Rome.
Describe 2 internal problems with Rome
2 External problems
- Economic struggles, inflation, trouble feeding people within the empire.
- Corruption, bad emperors
- Foreign invasions from Germanic tribes
- Trade imbalance (importing more than exporting)