Athenian Democracy and Pericles
This Athenian leader made government fairer by reducing the aristocrats’ power and letting male citizens join the assembly.
Who was Solon?
This alliance of Greek city-states formed in 478 BCE to defend against Persia.
What was the Delian League?
This Macedonian king took the throne in 359 BCE and built a powerful army.
Who was Philip II?
This word names the era after Alexander’s death, when Greek culture strongly influenced the known world.
What is Hellenistic?
This word means the study of right and wrong, a topic that interested Socrates.
What is ethics?
Under this leader, Athenians debated openly, heard court cases, and formed the Council of 500.
Who was Cleisthenes?
This island was the Delian League’s original base and the place where its funds were kept.
What is Delos?
This tight battle formation used soldiers’ overlapping shields and forward-pointing spears.
What is a phalanx?
This process happens when ideas and customs spread from one culture to another.
What is cultural diffusion?
This Greek thinker taught Alexander the Great and was a student of Plato.
Who was Aristotle?
This kind of government lets citizens gather and vote directly on laws and policies.
What is direct democracy?
This war between Athens and Sparta lasted from 431 to 404 BCE.
What was the Peloponnesian War?
Philip II used this siege weapon to hurl huge stones and break city walls.
What is a catapult?
This Greek-founded Egyptian city became a major center of Hellenistic culture and trade.
What is Alexandria?
This word means a group chosen to decide a case based on evidence; Athenian jurors were selected randomly and paid.
What is a jury?
Pericles paid jurors and transferred the remaining powers of aristocrats to this body, where citizens voted on laws.
What is the assembly?
During the war, Athens relied on this military strength, while Sparta relied on its army.
What was its navy?
Philip gained control of Greece after Athens and Thebes fell at this battle in 338 BCE.
What was the Battle of Chaeronea?
This word describes Alexandria’s worldly atmosphere, shaped by Greeks, Egyptians, Jewish people, and others.
What is cosmopolitan?
This form of drama is humorous and often makes fun of famous people.
What is comedy?
This document sets out the framework and processes of a government; Athens’s was used to outline its democratic structure.
What is a constitution?
In 414 BCE, Athens tried to take this strong and wealthy city on Sicily by surrounding it in a siege.
What is Syracuse?
After taking control of the Persian Empire, Alexander’s empire stretched about this far from Europe to India.
What is 3,000 miles?
Alexandria’s Great Library held about this many Greek scrolls and drew scholars and scientists from around the world.
What were 500,000 scrolls?
This term describes a period of great prosperity and cultural achievement, like the one Pericles guided Athens through.
What is a golden age?