Vocabulary
A system responsible for collecting information and holding them for a small amount of time.
What is short-term memory?
Repeating to one-self a number of times until it stays in the mind for a longer period of time.
What is rehearsal?
George Miller proposed that people could only remember a limited number of items.
What is the magical number seven, plus or minus two?
A life-long storage space containing all sorts of information and experiences.
What is long-term memory?
The focus on meanings of words and sentences.
What is sematics?
Proposed that memory involves a sequence of separate steps.
External input -> SM -> STM -> LTM
What is Atkinson-Shiffrin model?
Better recall for items around an end of the list.
What is recency effect?
Trouble learning new material because of repeating similar materials before.
What is proactive interference (PI)?
A U-shaped relationship between a word's position in a list and its probability of accurate recall.
What is serial-position effect?
Better recall for items around the beginning of the list.
What is primacy effect?
Viewing new materials brings up a higher chance of learning/remembering.
What is release from proactive interference?
Mental processes are compared to a computer, progressing information in a series of stages, one at a time.
What is information-processing approach?
A list of items meant to remember (numbers and words) in a similar category, grouped together.
What is Chunk?
A storage system that relies from all of our senses to record information at reasonable accuracy.
What is sensory memory?
Involves presenting participants with some items that are instructed for them to remember. These participants were, then, told to do a distracting task before asked to recall the original items. Afterwards, participants had to study three unrelated letters, such as CHJ, then were given numbers and had to count backwards in threes.
First few trials had the most recalls, but later, recalls were poor.
What is Brown/Peterson and Peterson technique?