A change in the genetics of a population over time
100
What is a prokaryote and give an example?
A cell with no nucleus and no membrane bound organelles, EX) bacteria
100
What is the function of DNA?
Genetic material of the cell, contains all instructions for the cell
100
What does the heart do?
Pumps blood all over to the body to distribute oxygen and remove waste
100
What is a producer?
An autotroph that is at the bottom of the food chain. Makes food from sunlight EX) plants
200
What is a species?
A group of organisms that can interbreed with each other and make fertile offspring
200
Catalase is an enzyme in the human body. What temperature do enzymes in our body work best at?
body temperature (homeostasis) which is 98F or 34C
200
What is the importance of DNA replication in making new cells?
Each cell needs an exact copy of the DNA from the previous cell
200
What is the function of the lungs?
To bring in oxygen to the body
200
What is an example of an apex predator?
A shark or other carnivore at the top of the food chain that eats other carnivores
300
Bats, humans and birds all have the same arm bone structure. What is this called and how are they related?
Homologous structures, and they have a common ancestor
300
What are the monomers and function of proteins and lipids?
Proteins are made of amino acid and are building blocks of the cell
Lipids are made of fatty acids and are used for LONG term storage of energu
300
A heterozygous purple plant (Pp) is crossed with a homozygous recessive white plant (pp) What percentage will be white?
1/2 white
300
What is the function of the kidney?
Remove waste like urea
300
Describe the effects of cutting down trees on the carbon cycle
Trees can no longer take in CO2 so there is more CO2 in the atmosphere
400
How does camouflage act as an adaptation to make organisms more fit?
Organisms that have camouflage can hide from predators better and survive and reproduce
400
What is the fluid mosaic model?
The model that represents the plasma membrane. The parts of the membrane drift around making it fluid. When you bend it, it does not break. It contains lipids and proteins making it a mosiac
400
Explain Chargaff's rules
A always pairs with T and G always pairs with C. It allows DNA to make a perfect copy of itself
400
What are two parts of the nervous system?
Brain, spinal cord or neurons
400
Describe the effects of eliminating a top predator
The ecosystem may collapse because the secondary consumers will grow out of control and consume all the producers
500
Explain how evolution acts on the following population: A population of bugs are both green and brown. They live in green trees. There are predators that easily see the brown bugs. What will happen to the population?
Brown bugs are less fit and won't survive as well. Future populations of bugs will be all green, creating a genetic change over time in the bug population
500
Describe the structure and function of the plasma membrane
A lipid bilayer with proteins in it. It protects the cell and acts as a selectively permeable barrier
500
How does the structure of DNA allow for function?
DNA has a specific code made of bases, A,G,T and C. The bases always pair the same which allows DNA to be replicated exactly and distributed to new cells
500
Describe the process of gas exchange in the alveoli
Oxygen poor blood coming from the heart enters the alveoli and exchanges CO2 for O2. The blood flows back to the heart where it is pumped to the body
500
Describe the effects of humans burning fossil fuels on the carbon cycle
Burning fossil fuels releases excess carbon dioxide into the atmosphere leading to global warming and acidification of the ocean