How Much Do You Know About Earth?
How old is the Earth?
4.5 Billion years old
Name the layers of the Earth in order from the outside to the inside.
Crust
Upper Mantle
Lower Mantle
Outer Core
Inner Core
Earthquakes are a consequence of ______ caused by stress on the Earth's crust.
pressure
75% of the Earth's volcanoes can be found in this location, where the tectonic plates meet.
Ring of Fire
If the floor is wet and you run, there is a good chance you will (scivolare).
slip
Which is the largest desert on Earth?
Antartica
Where is the thickest part of the Earth's crust?
The Himalayas
When the ________ catch or stick, they continue to move until they slip, causing a powerful release of ______ which breaks the Earth's crust.
tectonic plates
energy
Molten rock goes by different names depending on where we find it. Explain the difference.
Magma is molten rock underground.
Lava is molten rock above ground.
Strato volcanoes are high and (ripido). Shield volcanoes are (piu piatto) and are shaped like a (cupola).
steep ; flatter ; dome
As of March 2020, what is the estimated world population?
7,800,000,000
(Seven billion eight hundred million)
The tectonic plates are moving constantly and slowly. What happens when they collide?
Earthquakes
A scientist who studies earthquakes is a ___________. The tool they use to measure the earthquakes is called a ________. The strength of the earthquake is measured by a ______ line and is analyzed using the ___________ scale.
Write the missing information on the board with correct spelling.
Seismologist
seismograph
jagged
moment magnitude
Answer both questions:
1. What does pyroclastic flow consist of?
2. What scale is used to measure the strength of an eruption?
1. Gas and hot ash
2. Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI)
Write the English words with correct spelling on the board.
1. sparso
2. sfogo
3. spesso
1. scattered
2. vent
3. thick
Which is the hottest place on Earth?
Greenland Ranch, Death Valley, California
What type of metal is the inner core made of?
Liquid Iron
The earthquake in this location triggered a powerful tsunami. The giant waves caused damage to a nuclear power plant resulting in the second most severe nuclear accident since the disaster in Chernobyl in 1986.
Sendai, Japan
Due to the eruption of Mount Tambora in 1815, sunlight could not reach the Earth's surface which resulted in _________, in which the average temperature on Earth decreased by 3 degrees Celsius. Western Europe and Eastern North America experienced temperatures below 0 degrees Celsius and heavy snow. Because of this, the year 1816 was called ____________.
The Year Without Summer
Calderas are large _______ as if someone pressed a giant thumb into the Earth.
Mid-ocean ridges are underwater ______ of volcanic mountains.
depressions; chains
23 hours, 56 minutes, and 4 seconds
silica, aluminum, and oxygen
The earthquake in this location was probably the reason for the eruption of a mud volcano several days later near Baratang, Andamar Islands.
Sumatra, Indonesia.
The eruption of Krakatoa resulted in a year of red and orange sunsets due to the ____ in the air. When part of the volcano fell into the water, it caused a _______. It took 5 years for the ____ and _____ on the island to recover.
ash
tsunami
flora
fauna
All volcanoes (emettere) gas and (roccia fusa). The core of the Earth transfers (calore) to the mantle and (sciogliere) the rock.
emit ; molten rock; heat; melts