the long term, average conditions of temperature, precipitation, winds, and clouds in an area
What is climate?
100
currents that affect water to a depth of several hundred meters and are driven mainly by winds
What are surface currents?
100
a type of climate where the amount of precipitation that falls is less that the amount of the water that could evaporate
What are dry climates?
100
the gradual increase in the temperature of Earth's atmosphere
What is global warming?
100
a larger area of reduced ozone
What is an ozone hole?
200
latitude, altitude, the distance from large bodies of water, and ocean currents
What are the main factors that influence temperature?
200
the warm-water event that forms when as unusual pattern of winds forms over the western Pacific
What is El Nino?
200
marine west coast, Mediterranean, and humid subtropical
What are the three kinds of temperate marine climates?
200
when huge sheets of ice called glaciers covered large parts of the Earth
What were the ice ages?
200
a group of compounds that are the major cause of ozone depletion
What are chlorofluorocarbons?
300
sea and land breezes over a large region that change direction with the seasons
What are monsoons?
300
when surface waters are colder than normal
What is La Nina
300
climates with extreme temperature
What are temperate continental climates?
300
a factor thought to cause global warming when gases in the atmosphere trap energy
What is the greenhouse hypothesis?
300
air conditioners, refrigerators, cleaners for electrical parts, and aerosol sprays
What appliances did we use that contained chlorofluorocarbons?
400
prevailing winds, the presence of mountains, and seasons
What are the main factors that affect precipitation?
400
currents that move and mix water around the world
What are deep currents?
400
permanently frozen tundra soil
What is permafrost?
400
the hypothesis that some scientists believe causes global warming which is the slight increases and decreases of solar energy the Earth receieves
What is the climate variation hypothesis?
400
the compounds last for decades and rise all the way to the stratosphere where the ultraviolet light breaks down its molecules into atoms, including chlorine which breaks the ozone into oxygen atoms
What do the compounds do to break down the ozone layer?
500
the tilt in Earth's axis as the Earth travels around he sun
How are seasons caused?
500
the movement of cold water from the deep ocean that also brings tiny organisms, minerals, other nutrients, and fish to the surface
What is upwelling?
500
regions that are colder that the regions that surround them because of its altitude
What are highlands?
500
more water is evaporating from exposed soil, causing fertile fields to turn into dust bowls
What is an effect of global warming?
500
more ultraviolet radiation reaches Earth's surface which can cause eye damage and different kinds of skin cancer