Energy Budget
What is Earth's energy budget?
100% energy comes in from the sun, eventually all 100% should go back into space.
The immediate result of having more volcanic particles in the air, trapping heat in the atmosphere - happening in our world today is causing:
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Global Warming
Name and define each sphere
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Biosphere: life on Earth
Geosphere: All land/rocks/lava/magma
Atmosphere: All gas on Earth
Hydrosphere: Water in all states on Earth
Think color: what types of surfaces reflect sunlight back to space and what type absorb sunlight?
Give an example of each
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Dark : Absorb
oceans, forests, asphault
Light: reflect
Ice, deserts
How much energy (%) do we get from the sun?
100%
What is the largest absorber of solar energy on Earth (51% - 2 surfaces)
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Land and Oceans
What is the leading cause of global warming today? What is happening to one of the Earth's spheres?
Not enough heat is going OUT of Earth because it is trapped in the atmosphere.
Plants going through their cycle of photosynthesis falls into which sphere?
Biosphere
Ice caps melting resulting in more ocean and overgrowth of trees creating more dark surfaces would cause which: global warming or global cooling?
Global warming
Describe the greenhouse (gas) effect.
Is it good? Bad? or both? Why?
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Gasses such as carbon dioxide and methane trap heat in Earth's atmosphere and do not let it escape.
What is the different between energy being reflected directly into space and energy being radiated back into space?
Reflected energy hits a material and bounces straight back into space while radiated energy is absorbed and slowly exits the planet.
Which of the following (more than 1 answer) REDUCES the amount of carbon in the atmosphere?
Combustion (burning of substances)
Photosynthesis (plant's process)
Volcanic Eruption
CO2 Dissolving into the ocean
Photosynthesis and CO2 dissolving into the ocean. Plants and the oceans are both sinks of carbon
Carbon dioxide from exposed magma releases gas into the air.
This scenario involves a transition from what sphere to what other sphere?
- 2 trashketball shots if you get it right
Geosphere to atmosphere
An abundance of volcanic particles in the atmosphere that, over time, block solar energy from reaching Earth's surface: warming or cooling?
Cooling
Because of sunlight, what happens to heat on Earth during the day and then at night?
Is more energy reflected or radiated back into space?
Radiated
How do humans contribute to the status of Earth's atmosphere?
Burning of fossil fuels and production of greenhouse gases get trapped in the atmosphere
Soil forming layers of sediment
And
Coal being formed deep underground
Both fall into which of Earth's spheres?
Geosphere
Fossils of alligators in the arctic are proof of global ________. Why?
Means that the arctic used to be warm enough to support tropical creatures
Glacier evidence on almost every continent is not just proof of continental drift, but that the Earth was once....
Snowball Earth, covered in ice, went through an ice age
Looking at the energy budget, what percentage of energy is reflected back into space and what percentage is radiated?
30% reflected 70% radiated
In a perfect energy budget, how much heat energy (%) is supposed to be absorbed by the atmosphere?
16%
Two different answers two different scenarios:
CO2 being dissolved into the ocean
CO2 volcanic particles releasing into the air
Hydrosphere
Atmosphere
How could rates of weathering cause global warming? Global Cooling?
Too much weathering would cause cooling - taking gas from the atmosphere that is meant to trap heat
Advanced weathering could break apart too much land and release carbon from rocks into the atmosphere
List carbon sources and carbon sinks
Sources: dead animals, respiration (breathing), burning of fossil fuels
sinks: plants, land, ocean