Five stage model
The 6 Americas audience most likely to feel responsible to take action on climate change.
What is the Alarmed?
Feeling connected to a specific natural setting.
What is place attachment?
The unpleasant tension one feels when acting in a manner that is inconsistent with one's self-concept.
What is cognitive dissonance?
What one observes other people around them doing.
What is a descriptive social norm?
What is skepticism?
Taking direct action to confront a threat.
What is problem-focused coping?
The psychological sense that an issue is far removed in geographic space, far off in the future, happening to people in very different social worlds, and not completely certain.
Changing one’s behavior to more closely approximate the behavior of other people.
What is conformity?
One's beliefs about what other people approve or
disapprove of doing.
What is an injunctive (or prescriptive) social norm?
Intentionally disseminated false information.
What is disinformation?
Ignoring and/or denying a threat (and getting stuck in the early stages of the model).
What is emotion-focused coping?
The tangible, physical experiences that arouse emotion and shape how one perceives situations.
What are experiential, affect-driven processes?
One's subjective judgment about the likelihood of a negative occurrence (such as injury, illness, disease, death, etc.)
What is risk perception?
A reference to the changing frequency of a behavior.
What is a dynamic norm?
Selectively attending to, critiquing, and remembering information in a way designed to lend post hoc support for one's original attitude.
What is motivated reasoning?
When each person in a large crowd knows that there are many other people available to help, and this results in each member feeling less responsible to act.
What is diffusion of responsibility?
What is deliberative analysis/thinking?
The assumption that climate denial or hesitancy reflects either lack of exposure to the evidence, or inability to understand the evidence.
What is the “deficit model” of communication?
Reducing GHG emissions will slow the accumulation of CO2 in the atmosphere, but not remove it.
What is a stock and flow problem?
What is value-based messaging (or Jiu Jitsu persuasion)?
The most critical type of action, according to Frantz and Mayer.
What is collective action?
One's assumption of what weather and climate conditions are likely to be, based on historical climate conditions.
What are experiential heuristics?
Name three rhetorical strategies of disinformation.
What are:
Undermine and question the scientific consensus.
Highlight scientific uncertainty and demand certainty.
Attack individual scientists to undermine their credibility.
Undermine institutions generally, such as peer review.
Project pseudoscientific alternatives (through a network of blogs).
Name three moderators of normative social influence.
What are:
Magnetic middle
Deviation from the norm
Personal values
Culture
Norm activation
Reference to changing frequency (dynamic norm)
Social identity
Name three attitude roots.
What are:
Conspiracist worldviews
Vested interests
Ideologies
Anxieties / phobias
Personal identity expression
Social identities