I
Trigeminal afferents to dura reacting to trigger causing neurogenic inflammation
Current thought of what is happening during a migraine
Emotional, mental, spiritual, physical or sexual trauma; any age; more common in military persons
PTSD
Magnitude of the stress; previous history of traumatization; Prescence of both physical and psychologic trauma; sleep disturbances
Risk factors of PTSD
What are the categories of PTSD? (3)
1. Intrusion
2. Avoidance
3. Arousal
Avoids physical activities, environments, integrating with people, feeling emotions
Avoidance (PTSD)
Prognosis of autism ?
Status migrainous
>72 hours
What are the two domains of impairment of autism spectrum?
1. social communication and interaction
2. restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, activities
Cannot understand nonverbal and situational context, choosing appropriate words and context
Social communication and interaction (Autism spectrum)
Sensory issues (self restrictive), repetitive behavior
Restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, activities (Autism spectrum)
What are the complications of migraine
1. status migrainous
2. migraine dura triggered seizure
"Central poststroke pain"; central HA, related to stroke; causes are PCA stroke, deep branches, and posterior thalamus
Thalamic syndrome
Stages of migraine
1. Prodrome
2. Aura
3. HA
4. postdrome
Neurotransmitter imbalances (Dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin); genetic abnormality or inherited traits; neuroanatomical variants (enlarged ventricles, regional atrophy)
Psychological disorders
Myofascial trigger point pain involving muscles of the head, neck and shoulder regions referring to part of the head
Tension type headache
Memory is coming back to haunt them; intruding sleep, daily thoughts
Intrusion (PTSD)
1. Cluster (most common) primary, trigeminal N
2. Paroxysmal hemicrania
3. hemicrania continua
4. short lasting unilateral neuralgiform (w/either conjunctival tearing or ANS symptoms)
Trigeminal autonomic cephalgia
Spontaneous; severe; sometimes intractable; hyperalgesia; allodynia
Symptoms of thalamic syndrome
Subdural hematoma; subarachnoid hemorrhage; increased cranial pressure; meningitis, viral and bacterial; brain abscess; CNS; toxicity; sinusitis; otitis media, mastoiditis
Pathologic conditions causing headache (secondary HA)
Pain from shoulder blade/shoulder/mid back and low neck is what facet joint
C6-7
Reaction to having flashback; In a state where they cannot regulate emotions, not able to be calm, cant control thoughts
Arousal (PTSD)
Higher reasoning; prefrontal cortex; 9 functions:
1. empathy 2. insight 3. response flexibility 4. emotion regulation 5. body regulation 6. morality 7. intuition 8. attuned communication 9. fear modulation
PTSD
Generalized excessive emotional state of fear and apprehension usually associated with a heightened state of physiologic arousal.
Anxiety disorder (ANS involvement)
Fight, flight, freeze stress response; thinks "am i safe? Do ppl want me?" ; emotions live here
Limbic brain (PTSD)
Generalized anxiety disorder; panic attack; panic disorder; phobias are examples of what
Anxiety disorders