"I have osteoporosis"
This type of fracture is typically caused by a violent, direct injury and often leads to internal hemorrhage.
What is a distal femoral shaft fracture?
The Ottawa knee rules focus on this age group.
What is ages 18-55?
This specific group of patients is most likely to develop synovitis.
Who are patients with rheumatoid arthritis?
This meniscus is adherent to it's adjacent collateral ligament.
What is the medial meniscus and MCL?
This pathology may result from alignment issues such as patella alta, patella baja, hip anteversion, or hip retroversion.
What is patellofemoral pain syndrome?
This is what happens to the patella in an intercondylar fracture.
What is being driven up into the femoral condyles?
True or false:
The Ottawa knee rules are associated with tibial head tenderness.
False: Fibular head tenderness.
Your patient presents with a popliteal mass, aching in the posterior aspect of their knee, knee effusion, and a locking sensation of their knee.
What is their suspected pathology?
What is a Baker's/ popliteal cyst?
This meniscal lesion occurs when both sides of the meniscus are torn in the avascular central portion.
What is a white-white tear?
A woman with osteoporosis may present with this malalignment at her knees.
What is genu valgus?
In a tibial plateau fracture, this plateau is more likely to fracture.
What is the lateral tibial plateau?
True or false:
The Ottawa knee rules are associated with patellar tenderness.
True.
Your patient is a 21 year old, avid triathlete (AKA Jordan Jordan), who presents with pain at the lateral aspect of her knee that worsens with physical activity.
What is the suspected pathology along with one differential diagnosis?
What is iliotibial band syndrome?
Differentials include:
- hamstring strain, OA, meniscal injury, biceps femoris tendonitis, greater trochanter bursitis
This collateral ligament is taut in extension and loosens in about 30 degrees of flexion.
What is the lateral (tibial) collateral ligament?
What is a sunrise radiograph?
This is an indirect mechanism of injury of an avulsion patellar fracture.
What is jumping (rapid flexion against a fully flexed quadricep muscle)?
According to the Ottawa knee rules, a patient is indicated for an x-ray is they are unable to flex their knee more than ______ degrees.
What is 90 degrees?
This degree of a muscle strain presents with a complete tear at the musculotendinous junction.
What is a grade 3 muscle strain?
This cruciate ligament is a check rein to posterior tibial translation.
What is the posterior cruciate ligament?
This pathology presents as a dimple near the patella.
What is a quadriceps avulsion?
What is Osgood Schlatter's?
This is the most important of the Ottawa knee rules.
What is the inability to bear weight/ walk more than 4 steps when examined at the time of the injury?
This pathology is caused by increased intracompartmental pressure and must be treated promptly.
What is compartment syndrome?
An injury to this ligament may result from a sudden cut or deceleration of the knee.
What is the anterior cruciate ligament?
In knee flexion, the lateral meniscus is pulled posteriorly by this.
What is the popliteus muscle?