ANS Basics
What is the ANS?
Regulates involuntary functions like heart rate, blood pressure, digestion, and respiration.
Which neurotransmitters are primarily involved in each division
norepinephrine (symp)
ACh (para)
Epinephrine is classified as this type of drug.
direct acting sympathomimetic
Which ANS division causes bronchodilation?
sympathetic
Drugs that mimic the sympathetic nervous system are called this.
sympathomimetics
Sympathetic and parasympathetic (fight or flight, rest and digest)
which division increases HR and BP
Sympathetic
Albuterol primarily stimulates this receptor.
B2 receptor
Which ANS division causes bronchoconstriction?
parasympathetic
Drugs that block adrenergic receptors are called this.
sympatholytics
what does "dual innervation" mean?
This concept means most organs receive input from both ANS branches.
what does the Parasympathetic division promote in the body?
digestion, urination, secretion
Atropine is an example of this drug class.
parasympatholytic
Sympathetic stimulation causes pupils to do this.
bonus for the clinical name
dilate (mydriasis)
Drugs that mimic parasympathetic activity are called this.
parasympathomimetics
The ANS primarily maintains this internal balance in the body.
homeostasis
classify each system by what situations theyre primarily used for
Rest and digest, para
fight for flight, symp
Metoprolol is best classified as this.
cardioselective β₁-blocker
Parasympathetic stimulation causes pupils to do this.
bonus points for the name
constriction (miosis)
Drugs that block muscarinic receptors are called this.
parasympatholytics
Compared to the BLANK nervous system, the ANS controls functions that are _______.
Somatic; involuntary
what is SLUDGE? definition and mnemonic
Parasympathetic effects
• Salivation
• Lacrimation
• Urinary incontinence
• Diarrhea/Defecation
• Gastrointestinal cramps
• Emesis
Organophosphates are this type of parasympathomimetic.
irreversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitors?
Sympathetic activity causes GI to do what
Decrease motility or digestion
These drugs increase acetylcholine by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase.