Pharmacokinetics
This phase occurs before a drug is absorbed and involves disintegration and dissolution.
What is the pharmaceutic phase?
The process by which drugs produce biochemical and physiological changes in the body.
What is pharmacodynamics?
This organ’s reduced function in older adults affects drug metabolism.
What is the liver?
This type of interaction occurs when two drugs with similar actions produce a stronger effect together.
What is an additive effect?
The liver metabolizing part of a drug before it reaches systemic circulation is known as this effect.
What is the first-pass effect?
A drug that binds to a receptor and produces a response is called this.
What is an agonist?
A decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) leads to drug accumulation in this organ.
What is the kidney?
This effect occurs when two different drugs produce a greater combined effect than individually.
What is a synergistic effect?
The most common organ responsible for drug excretion.
What is the kidney?
A medication that prevents or blocks a receptor response.
What is an antagonist?
Elders are more likely to experience this risk due to multiple medications.
What is polypharmacy?
The type of drug interaction where one drug diminishes or cancels another’s effect.
What is an antagonistic effect?
This term refers to the highest plasma concentration of a drug at a specific time.
What is the peak level?
This term describes the range between a drug’s minimum effective concentration and toxic level.
What is the therapeutic range?
The lab test that best determines renal function.
What is creatinine clearance?
Foods high in vitamin K counteract this anticoagulant drug.
What is warfarin/Coumadin?
The type of drug administration that has 100% bioavailability.
What is intravenous (IV) administration?
The index that estimates the margin of safety of a drug.
What is the therapeutic index?
These three medications should be closely monitored for toxicity in patients with liver disease.
What are acetaminophen, alcohol, and statins?
A severe, life-threatening allergic reaction to a drug.
What is anaphylaxis?