Consonants
What is the articulatory description of /s/
Voiceless alveolar fricative
Closed
/m/ = coda
How are the onsets different in "cell" & "call" (in terms of place, manner, and voice)
Place (/s/ = alveolar, /k/ = velar)
Manner (/s/ = fricative, /k/ = stop)
"Truh-Truh" for "Trumpet"
Reduplication
What is the articulatory description of /ɛ/
What is the articulatory description of the final sound in the word grab?
Voiced bilabial stop
For the word, "blue," what part of the syllable is omitted?
The coda
How are the codas different in "cab" & "cat" (in terms of place, manner, and voice)
Place: (/b/ = bilabial, /t/ = alveolar)
Voice: (/b/ = voiced, /t/ = voiceless)
Define "Prevocalic Voicing"
Voiceless consonant in the beginning of a word, like /k/ or /f/, is substituted with a voiced consonant, like /g/ or /b/
List the phonemic and non-phonemic diphthongs & define these two terms
Phonemic: /ɑɪ/ /oɪ/ /ɑʊ/ - "moving vowel" that makes a unique sound, not found on vowel quadrilateral
Nonphonemic: /eɪ/ /oʊ/ - "moving vowel" that makes a sound already found on the vowel quadrilateral; not unique; has a monophthong counterpart
What is the articulatory description of the first sound in the word "Thumb?"
Voiceless dental fricative
What part(s) of a syllable are required, and what part(s) are optional?
Nucleus = required
Onset & Coda = optional
How are the onsets different in "right" & "like?" (in terms of place, manner, and voice)
Place: (/r/ = palatal, /l/ = alveolar)
"Giver" produced as /ʒɪvo/. What phonological processes might be happening?
Fronting /g/ -> /ʒ/
Vowelization /ɚ/ -> /o/
What is the articulatory description of /ʊ/
High-mid, back, lax, rounded
What is the articulatory description for the last phoneme in the word, "Nourish?"
Voiceless palatal fricative
How many syllables are in the word, "Fire?"
2
/fɑɪ/ + /ɚ/
How are the codas different in "beige" and "bake"? (in terms of place, manner, and voice)
Place: (/ʒ/ = palatal, /k/ = velar)
Manner: (/ʒ/ = fricative, /k/ = stop)
Voice: (/ʒ/ = voiced, /k/ = voiceless)
Define "Epenthesis" & state what type of phonological process it is
When a sound is added between two consonants, typically the "uh" sound; syllable structure process
What is the articulatory description of the nucleus in the second syllable of the word "Panda"
Mid, central, lax, unrounded (unstressed /ə/)
How many alveolar sounds are in the word, "Tornados?"
/t/
/n/
/d/
/z/
Which word(s) have a consonant cluster in their coda?
Tones, Flip, Drum, Coax, Crumb, Birth
Tones - /nz/
Coax - /ks/
How are the nuclei different in the words, "trade" & "Cat"? (in terms of HATR)
Height (/e/ = mid, /æ/ = low)
Tense (/e/ = tense, /æ/ = lax)
"shot" produced as /tot/. What phonological processes might be happening?
Stopping
Alveolarization
Assimilation
Fronting
What is the articulatory description of /ɑɪ/