Miscellaneous
Components of Virchow's triad
What is...
1. hypercoagulability of the blood
2. injury to vessel wall endothelium
3. stasis of blood
Small red or purple spots caused by bleeding underneath the skin
What is... petechiae
A patient comes in with purpura scattered around their entire body with complaints of bleeding while brushing their teeth.
what is... immune thrombocytopenia purpura
Lab values that would be "low" if there were a problem causing excess bleeding
what is... platelets and fibrinogen
Explain the difference between a localized clotting issue and a systemic clotting issue.
What is... Localized problems are usually in a vein or artery either from injury to the vessel or from a clot within the vessel. Systemic problems present all over the body and are usually result from a major hematologic effect.
Clots that can break off and travel to other parts of the body
What is... emboli
Life-threatening complication that occurs when a clot travels to the lungs
What is.... pulmonary embolism
Lab values that would be "high" if there were a problem causing excess bleeding
what is... INR and aPTT
Interventions for a patient who has peripheral vascular disease
What is... early ambulation after anticoagulation, warm compress, compression socks or garments, avoid crossing legs, elevate legs, surgery if needed
Early signs of hypoxia
What is... confusion, restlessness, anxiety
Anticoagulant that needs frequent blood testing but patient is able to go home on
What is... warfarin
The three steps the body goes through to stop a bleed
What is...
1. vasoconstriction that slows blood flow to the area
2. formation of a platelet plug
3. activation of clotting factors
Findings associated with DIC
What is... bruising all over the body and oozing blood from multiple sites
This disorder is x-linked recessive and is characterized by easy and excessive bleeding.
Medication that is monitored with aPTT - and what do high or low values mean?
Clot-related complication that causes sudden weakness on one side of the body.
What is... ischemic stroke
Best treatment for disseminated intravascular coagulation
What is... treat the underlying cause
Newer oral anticoagulant that does not require frequent lab monitoring