CNA review
Anatomy of the Urinary System
What are 2 kidneys, 2 ureters, 1 bladder, 1 urethra, 1 meatus
What is CKD?
Chronic Kidney Disease: Kidneys no longer filter blood efficiently.
What microorganism causes UTI's
Bacteria(e.coli most common)
Most common cause of Urinary retention in Men
Prostate conditions like BPH
Is this a normal part of aging
No
The inability to control the bladder, which leads to an involuntary loss of urine
Urinary Incontinence
Treatment for CKD(Not medication)
Dialysis/fluid restriction
You should observe and report ________, which is a common UTI symptom in elderly people.
Confusion
What are Kidney stones?
Crystalized urine
Urinary incontinence can make you more prone to this condition
UTI or Pressure Injuries
Who is more likely to develop a UTI, males or females?
females because they have a shorter Urethra
When someone has CKD, what vital sign is effected?
Blood pressure
Medical term for when infection moves to the kidneys
Pyelonephritis/nephritis
Side effect of Alpha-Blocking agents
Dizziness, orthostatic hypotension
Treatments that are evaluated/prescribed to patient prior to ordering medications
Review/adjust resident' fluid intake. In female, pelvic floor exercises may be ordered.
How to prevent UTI during peri care?
Wiping front to back, changing incontinence briefs frequently.
Drug class used if patient experiences edema
Diuretics
Uncomplicated UTI's are generally treated with antibiotics that are administer by what route?
Oral
How to Cholinergic agents help with Urinary retention/obstruction.
Increase contraction of the bladder muscle
Antidepressant drug that works for Urinary Incontinence
duloxetine(Cymbalta)
2 Normal changes of aging in the Urinary System
Decreased ability of kidneys to filter blood, weakened bladder muscle tone, Bladder holds less urine, causing more frequent urination, The bladder may not empty completely causing a greater risk of infection.
Name the 3 Medication classes that help control high blood pressure that associated with CKD
Ace inhibitors-pril, ARBS-Sartan, Statins
Common Medication that is used to treat uncomplicated UTIs.
nitrofurantoin monohydrate(Macrobid)
Name an Alpha-blocking agent
Tamsulosin(Flomax)
Name 1 antispasmodic agent that reduces bladder spasms
Oxybutynin, tolterodine, and trospium