DNA
What is the structure of DNA
What is the monomer of proteins?
Amino Acids : They repeat over and over to make up polypeptides
Use your codon wheel in your notebook:
What amino acid would be coded for in this sequence?DNA = GGT
Proline
What is the monomer of DNA?
Nucleotides are the small units of DNA. They are represented by T, A, C, G
How many strands is RNA
Single standed
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid
What is the purpose/function of structural proteins?
Structural proteins make up the cell and the body. They provide Structure!
What type of bonds form the sugar - phosphate backbone of nucleic acids
Covalent bonds (because they are the strong ones)
What is a ribosome?
The organelle in the cytoplasm that performs protein synthesis. It is constructed of RNA and represented as rRNA
Where is RNA located
The cytoplasm
What 3 components make up a nucleotide?
Pentose Sugar, Phosphate Group, and a Nitrogen Base
What is the purpose/function of Transport proteins?
Transport proteins move substances into and out of cell membranes
What is the bond that joins nitrogenous base pairs together in DNA?
Hydrogen bonds, which are weak and easily broken
What is a polypeptide?
A polymer (long chain) of protein made of the monomer, amino acids
What is the purpose of mRNA?
It carries the genetic code from the DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome in the cytoplasm. mRNA has the codon that corresponds to the correct amino acid.
Where in the cell is DNA located?
The nucleus
Antibodies, Hormones, and Enzymes are examples of which protein?
Regulatory proteins
What is the name of the bond that holds proteins together?
Peptide bonds
What is the difference between a codon and an anticodon?
A codon is a 3-base pair section of code found on mRNA and an anticodon is the 3-base pair section of code found on tRNA. They both call for one specific amino acid during protein synthesis.
The is the purpose of tRNA?
It reads the code on mRNA and brings in the complimentary amino acid. tRNA has the anticodon that corresponds to the amino acid
What is the purpose of DNA in Protein synthesis?
It provides the instructions (recipe) for building proteins
What kind of substance is hemoglobin?
Transport protein, it transports oxygen in the blood stream from the lungs to the cells.
How do we use a codon wheel? (Which part of the code do we use?)
Codons are on the mRNA, so after we transcribe the code from DNA to mRNA, that is the line of the genetic info used to determine amino acids
What is transcription?
When mRNA copies DNA in the nucleus, making a chain of codons to be translated when the mRNA bonds (docks) with the ribomome in the cytoplasm
What is the sugar that is found in RNA
Ribose