Past Modals
What does this past modal represent?
Could have + past participle
Possibility about the past!
You _________ warned me about this place. I had no idea there were such horrible stories about it.
COULD HAVE!
You (could have) warned me about this place. I had no idea there were such horrible stories about it.
There's something wrong ____ David. He has started wearing tinfoil hats!
WITH!
There's something wrong (with) David. He has started wearing tinfoil hats!
Modify the word using prefixes:
Agree
Disagree
How do you pronounce far-fetched?
Answer: far-FETCHED
Phonetic: /fár ˈfétchd/
(“far” like “far” in Portuguese, and “fetched” like “féxt” with a soft “t”, as in "drenched".)
What does this past modal represent?
Can't have + past participle
Impossibility about the past!
The boy ______ gone into the woods and gotten lost.
MAY HAVE!
The boy (may have) gone into the woods and gotten lost.
People have always been afraid ____ things they cannot understand.
OF!
People have always been afraid (of) things they cannot understand.
Modify the word using prefixes:
Secure
Insecure
What is the correct pronunciation for phony?
Answer: FOH-nee
Phonetic: /ˈfoni/
(Sounds like "fo" as in "fogo" and "nee" like "ni".)
What does this past modal represent?
Should have + past participle
Regret or judgment about a past action!
My car was nearly out of gas when the thieves took it. They _______ gone far.
COULDN'T HAVE!
My car was nearly out of gas when the thieves took it. They (couldn't have) gone far.
Scientific discovery doesn't change my belief ____ a superior power.
IN!
Scientific discovery doesn't change my belief (in) a superior power.
Modify the word using prefixes:
Rational
Irrational
How is unlikely pronounced?
Answer: un-LIK-lee
Phonetic: /ʌnˈlaɪkli/
(“un” like "ã" in "não," “like” like "laik," and “lee” like "li".)
What does this past modal represent?
Must have + past participle
The CEO _______ been part of the scheme from the very start.
MUST HAVE!
The CEO (must have) been part of the scheme from the very start.
This is where my theory differs ____ all the others: I think the dead Beatle was actually Ringo, and they created the whole Paul-is-dead hoax to cover it up.
FROM!
This is where my theory differs (from) all the others: I think the dead Beatle was actually Ringo, and they created the whole Paul-is-dead hoax to cover it up.
Modify the word using prefixes:
Cyclic
How do you pronounce probable?
Answer: PRAH-bə-bəl
Phonetic: /ˈprɒb.ə.bəl/
(“prob” like "pró" + "ba" as in "banana" + "bəl" sounds like "bal".)
What do these past modals represent?
May have + past participle
Might have + past participle
Possibility about the past!
He _______ called us and asked for help. He wouldn't have made such a mess of things.
MIGHT HAVE!
He (might have) called us and asked for help. He wouldn't have made such a mess of things
These legends are all relevant ____ understanding the behavior ____ Native American tribes.
TO AND OF!
These legends are all relevant (to) understanding the behavior (of) Native American tribes.
Modify the word using prefixes:
Phenomenal
Unphenomenal
What is the pronunciation for unheard of?
Answer: un-HERD of
Phonetic: /ʌnˈhɜrd ʌv/
(“un” like "ã" in "não," “herd” sounds like "herd" in "hért," and “of” like "av".)