Musculoskeletal System
the musculoskeletal system gives the body _________ and __________
shape and structure
where is the CNA's hand placement on a gait belt when ambulating a patient?
side and back
What is the term for assisting a patient to walk from one place to another?
ambulation
Before transferring a patient from bed to wheelchair, what should a CNA ensure about the wheelchair?
What do you do everytime you don and doff gloves?
Hand sanitizer -- say aloud "for 20 seconds"
list the 5 parts of the musculoskeletal system
muscles
bones
joints
tendons
ligaments
What does the acronym PASS stand for? When do you use this acronym?
pull, aim, squeeze, sweep--- fire extinguisher
How often should an immobile or low mobile patient be repositioned in bed?
every 2 hours
What tool is often used to help reposition patients in bed while reducing strain on the CNA’s back?
draw sheet, transfer sheet
Which of the following is a common mistake to avoid during ROM (range of motion) exercises?
extending joint beyond its range --- always be asking as you do ROM "is this causing any discomfort or pain"
Which position is recommended for a patient at risk of aspiration?
lateral position
The nurse aide finds a conscious client lying on the bathroom floor. The FIRST thing the nurse aide should do is
What is the Fowler's position primarily used for?
to facilitate breathing -- helping breathe easier
When transferring a patient with one weak side, which side should the CNA position closest to the wheelchair?
what steps do you take if your patient begins coughing and choking during an assisted feeding?
Stop feeding
Ask if they are ok - observe if they are breathing/breathing patterns
Encourage hard coughing
offer small sips of water
Report to the nurse
after feeding is completed -- DOCUMENT that patient choked and nurse was notified
Which of the following is a common risk when a patient is immobile for extended periods?
developement of contractures
What is cross-contamination?
Transferring bacteria or viruses from one surface to another
you are assisting a patient ambulate with a cane, which hand should they hold their cane in?
strong or unaffected side -- opposite of the weak side
you have a patient with parkinsons and notice while ambulating them, your patient is shuffling feet, what should you do?
nothing- know this is a common progression in disease
How many times do you change your gloves in a occupied bed change?
4 times -- always sanitize before and after -- say out loud "sanitize for 20 seconds"
What is a priority observation you should be making as a CNA when you have a patient in a cast?
Circulation -- color of fingers, sensation
What is the chain link of infection and its components?
How germs/microbes spread and infect
Germ/Causative Agent
Reservoir
Portal of Exit
Mode of Transmission
Portal of Entry
Susceptible Host
modified tools to help patients, such as a sock assist or button assist, are used in what type of nursing?
restorative and rehabilitative nursing -rehab nursing
a patient you normally transfer becomes weak when you try to get them out of bed, what do you do?
notify the nurse
take vital signs
talk through each of the steps of assisting a patient to the commode
Ensure Bed wheels are locked
Hand sanitize and put on gloves
place commode parallel to bed
remove bucket lid and place on garbage can
keep commode seat cover open
remove gloves and hand sanitize
put on new gloves
help patient to sit on edge of bed
apply sticky socks and gait belt
help the patient to stand and turn toward commode
ask patient if they feel safe standing
if yes, remove patient pants to ankles
help lower patient onto commode
cover patient with bath blanket
place toilet paper by patient
give patient their call light
remove gloves and hand sanitize
leave room for privacy "close door"
when call light is rung return - knock on door before entering
hand sanitize and put on gloves
remove bath blanket - put into laundry basket
help patient to stand
wipe front to back with toilet paper
remove gloves and hand sanitize
place on new gloves
pull up patient pants
help patient back into bed
remove gait belt and sticky socks
help patient into comfortable position
place lid on commode bucket
take to bathroom to empty and sanitize - "document contents"
replace in commode and close lid
remove gloves and sanitize
put commode away
post steps