An Overview of Ethics & Ethics for IT Workers/Users
Adhering to duties and moral rules regardless of consequences.
What is the primary focus of Deontological ethics?
Companies collecting, analyzing, and selling consumer data (from social media, public records, purchase histories, app usage) to target audiences based on demographics, location, interests, and behavior.
What are data brokers?
This liability holds a party responsible for harm caused by their product regardless of negligence or intent, often applied when the harm is inherently dangerous or severe.
What is Strict Liability?
The principle of operating in such a way that it is easy for others to see what actions are performed. In tech, this involves openness about data collection and algorithms.
What is transparency?
The safe harbor provisions protect online service providers from liability if they have a clear and reasonable process for removing infringing material and act quickly when notified.
What are the "safe harbor" provisions of the DMCA, and which entities do they primarily protect?
Virtue Ethics.
Which ethical framework is most concerned with the internal development of character and personal virtue?
A part of the U.S. Constitution that protects freedom of speech from government interference, but does not apply to private entities like employers.
What is the First Amendment?
An exploit that takes place before the security community or software developer knows about the vulnerability or has been able to repair it.
What is a zero-day attack?
Under this act, the FBI can issue a National Security Letter to compel banks, Internet service providers, and credit reporting companies to turn over information about their customers without a court order simply on the basis that the information is needed for an ongoing investigation.
What is the USA PATRIOT Act?
Whether copyrighted work is factual or creative in nature, how much of the original work was used, commercial vs. nonprofit purposes, and market harm.
What are the four factors considered when determining if a particular use of copyrighted material qualifies as fair use?
Utilitarianism.
What ethical framework has the motto “the greatest good for the greatest number”?
Shields website owners from liability for user-generated content, shifting responsibility to the original author.
What is Section 230 of the Communications Decency Act (Safe Harbor)?
A piece of programming code, usually disguised as something else, that causes a computer to behave in an unexpected and usually undesirable manner.
What is a virus?
This act is meant to give parents control over the collection, use, and disclosure of children's personal information
What is the Children's Online Privacy Protection Act?
Reputation damage due to low-quality unauthorized versions, loss of control over the work's use and distribution, and the erosion of the copyright holder's exclusive rights.
What are examples of non-financial harm that can result from copyright infringement?
Deeply held beliefs about right and wrong that define personal character.
What are "morals"?
The Supreme Court case that established a test to determine if material is obscene and therefore not protected by the First Amendment?
What is Miller v California?
A company that monitors, manages, and maintains computer and network security.
What is a managed security service provider?
This act describes procedures for the electronic surveillance of communications between foreign powers and the agents of foreign powers.
What is the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act?
The name of the agreement that prohibits a departing employee from working for any competitors for a period of time?
What is a noncompete agreement?
A justification for right and good actions.
Ethics.
The problem was its broad language and vague definition of "indecency," a standard that was left to individual communities to determine.
What was the issue of the Communications Decency Act (CDA)?
A partnership between the Department of Homeland Security and the public and private sectors, established in 2003 to protect the nation's Internet infrastructure against cyberattacks?
What is the U.S. Computer Emergency Readiness Team
In the context of tenets of The European Union Data Protection Directive, this term refers to an individual's right to seek legal relief through appropriate channels to protect privacy rights.
What is enforcement (as per the GDPR)?
Firefox and OpenOffice are all examples of this type of software.
What is Open Source?