History of Group Work
Founded in Akron, the first major self-help group in the U.S.
What is... Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)?
These are the five types of groups.
What are... task/work, psychoeducational, counseling, psychotherapy, and mixed?
The “interaction of group members with one another” is often referred to as this.
What is... process?
This type of leader empowers members and shares decision-making power in a collaborative manner.
Who is... a transformational leader?
Benjamin angrily says, “If you’re going to be so nosy, I’m not staying in this group!” He’s demonstrating this people problem.
What is... being a manipulator?
The most direct and difficult form of resistance for groups to manage.
What is... an attack on the group leader?
When group members observe other members of the same group for a short period, the group is engaging in this.
What is... the fishbowl procedure?
A leader skill that involves helping members develop specific plans for continued progress after the group ends.
What is... projecting the future?
This concept emphasizes empowerment, self-determination, advocacy, and confronting societal inequities.
What is... social justice?
This ethical principle encompasses honesty, both within and among group leaders and members.
What is... veracity?
This organization was founded in 1973 as a division of the American Personnel and Guidance Association (now the American Counseling Association, or ACA).
What is... the Association for Specialists in Group Work (ASGW)?
These groups stress “growth through knowledge.”
What are... psychoeducational groups?
Yalom’s factor emphasizing accepting responsibility for one’s own life.
What is... the existential factor?
Theory X leaders are most closely associated with this leadership style.
What is... authoritarian?
A facilitator who asks a member to hold an emotionally charged issue until next week’s session is employing this skill.
What is... cutting off?
Conflict resolution assumes this about conflict.
What is... that conflict is negative or destructive?
The experience in which a member shares painful personal material and receives acceptance from others.
What is... a corrective emotional experience?
When a group leader reconnects with members several weeks after the group’s conclusion.
What is... follow-up?
A personal growth group expands its advocacy to the broader community, reflecting this stage of social justice.
What is... the advocacy-in-action stage?
When a group leader holds two or more potentially conflicting roles with a member.
What are... dual/multiple relationships?
This prominent humanistic psychologist and former professor at The Ohio State University was responsible for creating the “encounter group” movement.
Who was... Carl Rogers?
These groups deal with mild to moderate mental health concerns and emphasize interpersonal awareness and skills.
What are... counseling groups?
Groups composed of members with dissimilar backgrounds are called this.
What are... heterogeneous groups?
When a facilitator encourages interaction between members without becoming the center of attention, they act as this.
What is... an interactional catalyst?
Members who bring anger or frustration from outside experiences into the group are referred to as this.
What are... resisters?
This is one of the strongest indicators of trust and involves revealing personal information previously unknown to others.
What is... self-disclosure?
The tragedies of Jonestown, the Branch Davidians, and the Bay of Pigs invasion exemplify this phenomenon.
What is... groupthink?
The process of reflecting on and recalling significant events or experiences at the end of a group.
What is... capping?
Understanding group process requires leaders to attune themselves to these aspects of members’ communication, which are often highly shaped by cultural factors.
What are... nonverbal behaviors?
A written document outlining expectations, confidentiality, and rights that group members must sign.
What is... informed consent?
This pioneer of group dynamics developed field theory, emphasizing the interaction between individuals and their environment.
Who was... Kurt Lewin?
In group work, subgroups should be small enough not to limit members’ ________.
What is... airtime?
“Each element in the group affects every other element," which makes a group this.
What is... a system?
The phrase “too many cooks spoil the broth” refers to this limitation of co-facilitation.
What is... a lack of coordinated efforts?
A facilitator uses this skill effectively when they conceptualize manipulative behavior in a positive light in an effort to help the member engaging in said behavior.
What is... reframing?
The capacity to bring about intended consequences in the behavior of others.
What is... power?
Group members cooperating to avoid conflict or challenging the status quo captures this concept.
What is... group collusion?
When members emphasize only the positive aspects of the group and ignore deeper work, this occurs.
What is... the farewell-party syndrome?
A bilingual leader is preferred in multicultural groups because one’s native language is often the language of __________.
What is... emotion?
Ethics based on obligations or duties rather than personal character.
What are... principle ethics?
Yalom and Lieberman discovered in the 1970s that this factor markedly influences how individuals function in groups.
What is... leadership style?
Self-help and support groups differ primarily in these two aspects.
What are... leadership and control?
Nina encourages members and strengthens emotional bonds. By doing so, she fulfills this type of member role.
What is... a maintenance role?
The leader who helps members become aware of their communication patterns is acting in this role.
What is... the traffic director role?
A highly structured group promotes cooperation but can diminish members’ sense of this.
What is... personal responsibility?
One way of working through storming involves encouraging members to interact freely and evenly.
What is... leveling?
A framework for understanding the group processes of self-disclosure and feedback.
What is... the Johari awareness model (i.e., the Johari window)?
The mixed feelings of loss, sadness, hope, and accomplishment at closure.
What is... emotional ambivalence?
A group leader unaware of how diversity affects group dynamics is functioning at this stage of social justice development.
What is... the naïveté stage?
To impress upon members the importance of upholding confidentiality, leaders should continually reaffirm the value of confidentiality, emphasize the importance of trust, and address breaches of confidentiality in a serious manner. However, leaders should not do this.
What is... threaten members with legal recourse?