True or False: Paying attention to one thing detracts from attention to something else.
True
100
True or False: People vary in their performance on problem-solving and decision-making tasks.
True
100
What is a built-in mechanism for acquiring language?
Language acquisition device (LAD)
100
What is the tendency to answer a question differently when it is framed (phrased) differently?
Framing effect
100
Thinking, gaining knowlege, and dealing with knowledge
Cognition
200
What is the tendency to read the word, instead of saying the color of ink as instructed?
The Stroop Effect
200
How many years does it take to become an expert at something?
10 years of concentrated practice
200
At what age are children said to be close to adult speech competence?
Age 4
200
Quick eye movements are called what?
Saccades
200
Your tendency to respond to some stimuli more than others at any given time or to remember some more than others
Attention
300
What are familiar or typical examples?
Prototypes
300
What are strategies for simplifying a problem or for guiding an investigation?
Heuristics
300
What is it called when people identify the letter more accurately when it is part of a whole word than when it is presented by itself?
Word-superiority effect
300
When your eyes are stationary it is called what?
Fixations
300
The strategy of assuming that how easily one can remember examples of some kind of event indicates how common the event itself is.
Example: you remember more reports of plane crashes than car crashes so you think air travel is more dangerous
Availability Heuristic
400
What is the frequent failure to detect changes in parts of a scene?
Change blindness
400
Give 3 characteristics of a creative person?
Noncomformity, rist-taking, willingness to tolerate rejection, open to new experiences, and moderate intelligence
400
What is the difference between a phoneme and a morpheme?
Phoneme is a unit of sound, morpheme is a unit of meaning
400
To what extent could chimpanzees (Bonobos) learn language?
symbols and hand gestures/sign language
400
The tendency to adhere to a single approach or a single way of using an item.
Functional fixedness
500
What is the difference between the preattentive and attentive process?
Preattentive process stands out immediately, requires no searching, and the attentive process requires searching
500
What are the 4 phases of problem solving?
Understand the problem, Generate hypothesis, Test hypothesis, Check results
500
What are the two ways that we acquire language?
built-in mechanism and imitating others
500
Damage to what hemisphere of the brain impairs people's ability to understand or use language?
Left hemishpere
500
A genetic condition characterized by mental retardation in most regards but skillful use of language