Types of Memory
A measure of memory in which the person must retrieve information learned earlier.
What is Recall
The ability to reason quickly and abstractly; tends to decrease with age; especially in later years.
What is Fluid Intelligence
Keeping track of and evaluating our mental processes. “thinking about our thinking”.
What is metacognition
Forgetting occurs because memory traces fade over time, though the amount of time is not as crucial as what happens during that time.
What is Decay Theory
The IQ score on The Bell Curve that most Psychologists consider to be "Genius" level
150
Identifying items previously learned.
What is Recognition
Our accumulated knowledge and verbal skills; tends to increase with age. (some people call it wisdom)
What is Crystallized Intelligence
Forming a concept or framework that organizes and interprets information.
What is a Schema
Proposes that people forget information because of a competition from other material
What is Interference Theory
Famous scientist and mathematician who is credited with creating the modern study of physics and calculus.
Sir Isaac Newton
Involves recovering information from memory storage
What is Retrieval
Having high intelligence can predict future success but most highly successful people are not only smart but hardworking, passionate, ambitious and do not give up easily.
What is Grit
Narrowing the available problem solutions to determine the single best solution.
What is convergent thinking
Proposed by Sigmund Freud, he believed that we can be motivated to forget as a defense mechanism by keeping distressing thoughts and feelings buried in the unconscious.
What is Repression
A condition in which a person otherwise limited in mental ability has an exceptional skill, such as computation or drawing. People have gifts in certain areas but will score low on intelligence tests.
What is Savant Syndrome
A newer understanding of short-term memory that adds conscious, active processing of incoming auditory and visual information, and of information retrieved from long-term memory.
What is Working Memory
The idea that our intelligence is based on general intelligence as well as specific abilities that can be connected to fluid and crystallized intelligence.
What is the Cattell-Horn-Carroll Theory
Expanding the number of possible problem solutions; thinking that diverges in different directions. (“thinking outside the box”)
What is divergent thinking
Involves the loss of memories for events that occur after the onset of amnesia. (New memories cannot be formed as easily, but old ones remain.)
What is Anterograde Amnesia
A study that showed IQ scores have risen 3 points per decade since the 1920’s. Countries with better economies, better education and access to better nutrition have shown greater performance on IQ tests.
What is the Flynn Effect
Involves retention of learned skills or classically conditioned associations independent of conscious recollection.
What is Implicit Memory
Created a test that tried to identify mentally subnormal children who could benefit from special education programs, in order to avoid bias from teachers. With his assistant, he created a test that required abstract reasoning skills. His scale expressed a child’s score in terms of mental age, an indication that a child’s performance was typical of their age.
Who was Alfred Binet
Clinging to one’s initial conceptions after the basis on which they were formed has been discredited. (Cult followers, flat earthers, stereotypes, political beliefs etc…..)
What is belief perseverance
Elizabeth Loftus did a series of experiments to test a phenomenon that occurs when misleading information has distorted one’s memory of an event. Just by changing the wording of a question, witnesses to the same staged car crash reported differing speed estimates, because the word altered their memory of the event.
What is the misinformation effect
What does E=mc² stand for?
What is Energy equals mass times the speed of light squared