This theorist stated that all of our problems stem from childhood and conflicts related to our sexual/physical drives. He said our personalities are basically established by age 5.
Who is FREUD?
100
Growth that proceeds from head to toe
What is CEPHALOCAUDAL?
100
Four different common gross-motor skills for toddlers
What are WALKING, CLIMBING, JUMPING, DANCING, CLAPPING, BANGING, THROWING?
100
Four fine-motor skills for preschoolers
What are COLORING, TRACING, CUTTING, GLUING, USING A FORK OR SPOON, POURING, TYING?
100
The number of chromosomes in each of us
What is 46?
200
According to Erikson, our personality is developed by our ability to overcome a series of conflicts throughout our lives. The first major stage in one’s life is marked by this CONFLICT.
What is TRUST v. MISTRUST?
200
Consonant-vowel sounds (ba, ma, pa, ka, ga) repeated over and over by infants
What is ECHOLALIA?
200
Coordinating movement (what we do) and perceptions (what we experience through our senses)
What is PERCEPTUAL MOTOR COORDINATION or PERCEPTUAL MOTOR MOVEMENT?
200
A preschool child's difficulty reversing the way they think or act
What is IRREVERSIBILITY?
200
The lifelong ability of the brain to REORGANIZE and RESHAPE itself based on new experiences, this ability dominates during infancy and enables an infant to learn very quickly. (But it happens throughout our lives ... Remember the video of the little girl who kept having seizures?)
What is PLASTICITY?
300
If I do something good, I'll get a sticker. If I misbehave, I won't be able to go out for recess. This is BEHAVIORISM. The use of rewards and punishments to shape behavior is essential to this behaviorist idea
What is CONDITIONING?
300
Growth that proceeds from inside to outside or from near to far
What is PROXIMODISTAL?
300
"If I eat Chinese food, I’ll become Chinese like my friend Tran." This difficulty with causal relationships (cause-effect) is known as...
What is TRANSDUCTIVE REASONING?
300
The preschooler is in this stage of cognitive development (until approximately age 7), according to Piaget
What is the PRE-OPERATIONAL STAGE?
300
The process whereby the brain "gets rid of" synapses/neural connections that are not being used
What is PRUNING?
400
"Monkey see, monkey do," said this theorist, who promoted the importance of imitation and modeling to assist with the child's learning process
Who is BANDURA?
400
Critical connections made between neurons, in particular during the first 3 years of life. These connections enhance the ability to learn in young children.
What are SYNAPSES?
400
A child's ability to focus on only one idea or characteristic as they solve problems
What is UNI-DIMENSIONAL THINKING or CENTRATION?
400
A form of thinking in which symbols (letters, mental images) are used to stand for things that are not present.
What is SYMBOLIC THOUGHT?
400
First, it's an ovum. Then, it's an embryo. This comes next.
What is a FETUS (or the FETAL STAGE)?
500
According to this theory, growth & development are the result of an unfolding of genetically preprogrammed traits and abilities, a biological process only slightly influenced by our environment and experiences
What is MATURATIONIST THEORY?
500
A two-year-old screams CAR when he sees a car, truck, bike -- anything with wheels -- an example of this common language error
What is OVERGENERALIZATION?
500
When new information FITS INTO what you already know, Piaget says you are in a state of BALANCE
What is EQUILIBRIUM?
500
The founder of Head Start, this theorist believed that a child's is profoundly influenced by forces close to him (family, friends), as well as forces far removed from his life (the government, the media)
Who is BRONFENBRENNER?
500
A painful hereditary disease that is the result of cell malformation, it usually occurs only in African-Americans