Stroke
Conditions that mimic stroke
Hypoglycemia, seizure, Bell's Palsy
Interventions to eliminate autonomic dysreflexia
Place pt to seated position, check for fecal impaction, bladder distention, loosen clothing, examine skin, administer hydralazine
Signs of early ICP
Change in LOC, Restlessness, Confusion, pupillary changes, weakness in one extremity or on one side, constant headache
Demyelination disease where spasticity, fatigue, weakness, numbness, loss of balance occurs
MS
Decreased brain weight, slowed reflexes, atrophy of tastebuds, loss of sensory acuity
Normal changes of aging
Largest risk factor for ischemic stroke
Atrial Fibrillation
Depression of reflexes below level of injury that occurs for days to weeks after SCI.
Spinal shock
Cushing's response
Bradycardia, increased SBP, and widening pulse pressure
Unilateral facial paralysis of cranial nerve VII
Bell's Palsy
Intervention to reduce post lumbar puncture headache
Increased fluid intake
BP recommendation post ischemic stroke
Permissive hypertension
SCI assessment
Monitor breathing pattern, lung sounds, assess for spinal shock, temperature regulation
Signs of late ICP
Projectile vomiting, stupor to coma, hemiplegia, posturing, loss of reflexes, Cheyne-Stokes breathing
Disorder when dysphonia, ptosis, and weak facial muscles occur
Myasthenia Gravis
Devoid of cognitive function with normal sleep-wake cycles
Persistent Vegetative State
Treatment that must be rendered within a specific timeline.
Fibrinolytics (tPA)
Irregular blood circulation that decreases cardiac output in injuries above T6.
Neurogenic shock
ICP interventions
Monitor resp. status, avoid valsava, coughing, calm environment, HOB 30-60
Common test to confirm myasthenia gravis
acetylcholinesterase inhibitor test (Tensilon) facial muscle weakness and ptosis resolve for 5 minutes
Treatment of cerebral edema
Osmotic diuretics, 3% Saline, HOB at 30
Time from ED to CT and door to needle
20 minutes, 45 minutes
Pounding headache, sudden hypertension, diaphoresis, nausea, and bradycardia that can occur years after spinal shock is resolved.
Autonomic dysreflexia
GCS Assessment of ICP: Spontaneous eye opening, Inappropriate words, withdraws to pain
Spontaneous eye opening- 4
Inappropriate words-3
withdrawal to pain- 4
GCS 11 (Moderate Brain injury)
Condition with ascending paralysis post viral infection
Guillain-Barre Syndrome
Water retention with hyponatremia and hypo-osmolality
SIADH